马铃薯干腐病菌和黑痣病菌拮抗芽胞杆菌的筛选及鉴定  

Screening and Identification of Antagonistic Bacillus Strains against Pathogens of Fusarium Dry Rot and Black Scurf in Potato

作　　者：王爱军[1,2] 柴兆祥[1] 李金花[1,2] 郭庆刚[3] 王蒂[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室/甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,兰州730070 [3]河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所,保定071000

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2013年第4期586-594,共9页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD06B03);甘肃省科技重大专项(1102NKDA025);现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-10-P18);甘肃省教育厅研究生导师科研资助项目(1002-05)

摘　　要：从甘肃国营条山农场马铃薯连作试验田的96个小区以五点取样法采集根际土样,稀释平板法在LB培养基上分离得到625株芽胞杆菌菌株。统计分析表明,土壤中总芽胞杆菌的数量正茬>连作2年>连作4年,但连作6年的土壤中总芽胞杆菌的数量又有上升的趋势。以马铃薯干腐病菌接骨木镰刀菌Fusarium sambucinum FSM、茄病镰刀菌F.solani FSI、黑痣病菌立枯丝核菌Rhizoctonia solani RS1和RS2为靶标病原菌,平板对峙培养法筛选有抑菌效果的拮抗芽胞杆菌,发现抑菌带宽度大于2 mm的拮抗芽胞杆菌的数量随连作年限的增加而减少。以形态学特征、生理生化特性为基础,结合gyrB基因序列分析,将筛选出的2株拮抗效果较好且不引起马铃薯块茎腐烂的芽胞杆菌Bacillus spp.D1 0 1和D1 0 2鉴定为萎缩芽胞杆菌B.atrophaeus。Rhizosphere soil under potato plants of 96 plots in four different treatments of continuous cropping were sampled via five-sited sampling method in Tiaoshan farm, Jingtai County, Gansu Province. The soil samples were plated onto LB medium via dilution with Bacillus strains, and 625 Bacillus strains were obtained from 96 potato plots. The results of statistical analysis indicated that the quantity of Bacillus strains tended to reduce with years＇ increasing of potato continuous cropping, while tended to go up after six years＇ continuous cropping. The Bacillus strains antagonistic to four pathogen isolates in three species （Fusarium solani FSI, F. sambucinum FSM, Rhizoctonia solani RS1 and RS2） were screened by dual plate method, and quantity of antagonistic Bacillus strains declined. Two Bacillus strains with years increasing of continuous cropping antagonistic to the pathogens were identified as B. atrophaeus via combination of physiological, biochemical characteristics and gyrB gene sequences.

关 键 词：马铃薯 茄病镰刀菌 接骨木镰刀菌 立枯丝核菌 萎缩芽胞杆菌 gyrB基因 

分 类 号：S476.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]