有机防晒剂在水环境中的光化学行为  

Aquatic environmental photochemical behavior of organic sunscreens

作　　者：张思玉[1,2] 杨先海[1] 陈景文[1] 尉小旋[1] 谢晴[1] 王雅[1] 罗天烈[1] 

机构地区：[1]工业生态与环境工程教育部重点实验室,大连理工大学环境学院,大连116024 [2]环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室,清华大学环境学院持久性有机污染物研究中心,北京100084

出　　处：《科学通报》2013年第30期2989-3006,1-6,共18页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(21137001);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2013CB430403)资助

摘　　要：有机防晒剂是在水环境中广泛存在的一类新型污染物,因具有潜在的生态风险而备受关注.光化学转化是有机防晒剂在表层水中的重要转化途径,影响其环境归趋及生态风险.本文总结了水环境中有机防晒剂光化学行为方面的最新研究进展,介绍了该类污染物的直接、自敏化及间接光解动力学,讨论了pH和溶解性物质对其光解动力学和途径的影响机制,总结了常用有机防晒剂的光解产物、途径和机制.简述了有机防晒剂的毒性效应,详细介绍了典型有机防晒剂的光致毒性效应机制.最后,对有机防晒剂等药物和个人护理品类新型污染物的水环境光化学行为研究进行了展望.Organic sunscreens are emerging pollutants frequently detected in aqueous environments, and draw increasing concerns due to their potential ecological risks. Photochemical transformation is an important transformation pathway of widely used organic sunscreens in surface waters, and can influence their environmental fate and ecological risk. In this paper, the current research progresses on the aqueous environmental photochemical behavior of organic sunscreens are reviewed. The direct, self-sensitized and indirect photodegradation kinetics of organic sunscreens is introduced. The effects of pH and water constituents on the photodegradation kinetics are highlighted. Photochemical transformation products, pathways of some widely used sunscreens are summarized, and photodegradation mechanisms are discussed. Furthermore, a brief overview on the toxicity, and especially photoinduced toxicities of organic sunscreens, is included. Finally, further studies on aqueous photochemical behavior of organic sunscreens and other emerging pollutants are proposed.

关 键 词：有机防晒剂 光化学转化 PH 溶解性物质 光致毒性 

分 类 号：X13[环境科学与工程—环境科学]