粪菌移植:公元4世纪至2013年  

Fecal microbiota transplantation: from the 4^(th) century to 2013

作　　者：崔伯塔[1] 王敏[1] 季国忠[1] 范志宁[1] 张发明[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学第二附属医院消化医学中心南京医科大学消化内镜研究所,江苏省南京市210011

出　　处：《世界华人消化杂志》2013年第30期3222-3229,共8页World Chinese Journal of Digestology

摘　　要：肠微生态是人的一个特殊器官,肠微生态失常与肠内外多种疾病密切相关.一种将健康人肠道功能菌群分离后移植到患者肠道内,通过重建患者肠道菌群而治病的方法,被称为粪菌移植(fecal microbiota transplantation,FMT).虽然FMT起源于中国公元400年前,但是,时至近年才受到广泛关注.尽管其已经于2013年写入难辨梭状芽孢杆菌感染的临床治疗指南,还用于治疗炎症性肠病、免疫缺陷性肠病、代谢综合征等,但有关其机制、技术标准化、安全性评估等方面尚处于起步阶段.本文就肠道菌群与疾病、FMT的起源和发展、FMT的前景等进行综述.Intestinal microbiota has been defined as a dynamic human organ. Many diseases occur as a result of the disorder of intestinal microbiota. Human fecal microbiota transplantation （FMT）, which was originally reported in China in the 4th century, has become popular in recent years, since it shows an amazing effect in the treatment of pseudomembranous colitis and recurrent Clostridium difficile infection （CDI）. It has not only been proposed as a first-line treatment for recurrent CDI but also been utilized to treat inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, metabolic syndrome, and chronic fatigue syndrome. The mechanism behind the therapeutic effects of FMT is still unclear. The most widely accepted hypothesis is that FMT can use the whole intestinal microbiota from a healthy donor to replace the patient’s disordered gut microbiota. At present, FMT is still in the beginning stage, and there is an urgent need to develop standardized protocols and to conduct safety analysis. This review tries to present the past, present and future of FMT by introducing the relationship between gut flora and diseases and the utilization of FMT.

关 键 词：粪菌移植 难辨梭状芽胞杆菌 炎症性肠病 肠微生态 

分 类 号：R574[医药卫生—消化系统]