安西极旱荒漠自然保护区植物群落的季节变化和年际变化以及气候对变化的影响  

Seasonal and inter-annual variations of plant community and the impact of climate change in the Anxi Extra-arid Desert National Nature Reserve

作　　者：郑凯[1] 袁建立[1] 王亮 宋晓谕[1] 马强[1] 高天鹏[3] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学生命科学学院,草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室,兰州730000 [2]甘肃安西极旱荒漠国家级自然保护区管理局,甘肃瓜州736100 [3]兰州城市学院城市生态与环境生物技术中心,兰州730070

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第5期651-657,共7页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAC39B04);国家自然科学基金项目(41201050;31160118;30960060)

摘　　要：在安西极旱荒漠自然保护区的典型植物群落中选取6个平行样方,连续3年调查植物数量、盖度和物种数量的季节变化和年际变化以及气候对植物群落季节变化和年际变化的影响.结果显示:植物群落物种数量和植株数量的季节变化主要是由一年生草本植物的季节变化引起的,而多年生灌木盖度的季节变化是植物群落盖度变化的主要原因.植物群落物种数量、植株数量和盖度的年际变化主要源于一年生草本植物物种数量、植株数量和盖度的变化.植物群落物种数量、植株数量和盖度的季节变化与降雨量和气温的变化正相关,而年际变化与降雨量和气温的变化关系不大.因此,降雨和气温仅影响荒漠植物群落结构的季节变化,而对年际变化影响不大.在气候条件变化较小的范围内,荒漠植物群落结构保持相对稳定的结构.Six parallel plots of plant community in the Anxi Extra-arid Desert National Nature Reserve were selected for three consecutive years to investigate the seasonal and inter-annual variations of their vegetation quantity, coverage, the number of species and the impact of climate change. The results showed that the seasonal variations of the number of species and the number of plants in plant communities were mainly caused by the seasonal variation of annual herbaceous species, and the changes in community coverage were caused by the seasonal variations of the perennial shrub cover. Interannual changes in the plant communities, in a number of species, a number of plants and their coverage were mainly caused by the interannual variations of annual herbs. The seasonal variations of the number of species, the number of plants and the coverage in plant communities were positively related to the changes in both local rainfall and temperature, and there was no relation between them in interannual variability. It could be determined that rainfall and temperature had a greater impact onthe seasonal variations of desert plant community structures, but had little impact on the interannual variations. Within a smaller range of changes in climatic conditions, the desert community can maintain a relatively stable structure.

关 键 词：荒漠生态系统 植物群落 季节变化和年际变化 气候影响 

分 类 号：Q14[生物学—生态学]