“不以其道得之”再探  

Review on Confucius' s “Bu Yi Qi Dao De Zhi”

作　　者：孙尊章[1,2] 徐凌[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学人文学院,江西南昌330045 [2]浙江大学汉语史研究中心,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《南昌工程学院学报》2013年第5期48-52,共5页Journal of Nanchang Institute of Technology

基　　金：江西省社会科学"十二五"规划项目(12YY29);教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目(2009JJD740015)

摘　　要：《论语·里仁》:"贫与贱,是人之所恶也;不以其道得之,不去也。"历来多有歧解。解决这个问题的关键在于对"得"的理解。若将"得"理解为"有得、得利",则非常通畅。而"得之"的"之",是代词,位于动词"得"的后面,意义已经虚化,主要起强调动词的作用。此句义指:贫与贱,是人人都不希望得到的,但如果不按正道而得利,君子将不去除贫贱(即安于贫贱)。孔子的言行,恰好证明了他的这句话。The ambiguity of the sentences ＂Pin yu jian, shi ren zhi suo wu ye ; bu yi qi dao de zhi, bu qu ye＂ in The Analects of Confucius has been the source of many disputes due to the diverse interpretations of the word ＂de＂. This paper proposes that when interpreted as gain or enrichment, the word ＂de＂ would guarantee a correct understanding of these sentences. Furthermore, the pronoun ＂zhi＂ after the verb ＂de＂ is grammaticalized and it is basically used to consolidate the function of the verb before it. Therefore, these sentences should be interpreted as follows ： Poverty and humbleness are what men try to avoid;but if the enrichment were achieved in an improper way, a man of honor would rather choose to live in poverty and humbleness. Confucius himself had been practicing what he preached.

关 键 词：论语 里仁 不以其道得之 得 

分 类 号：I2[文学—中国文学]