典型氯酚类化合物对水生生物的毒性研究进展  

Toxicological Effects of Typical Chlorophenol Chemicals on Aquatic Organisms

作　　者：余丽琴[1] 赵高峰[1] 冯敏[1] 李昆[1] 文武[1] 张盼伟[1] 邹晓雯[1] 周怀东[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2013年第5期658-670,共13页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21247007);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大项目(2012ZX07203-006);中国博士后基金(2013M530054);中国水利水电科学研究院院专项(环集1339)

摘　　要：氯酚类化合物(CPs)是一类广泛存在于水环境中的有机污染物。这类化合物具有环境稳定性、生物累积性和生物毒性,因而其在水环境中的生态毒理效应一直是人们关注的焦点。在水体中存在最普遍的酚类化合物主要有2,4-二氯酚(2,4-DCP),2,4,6-三氯酚(2,4,6-TCP)和五氯酚(PCP)。本文对近几年来这3种典型氯酚类化合物的水生态毒理学研究进行了总结,主要包括它们对水生生物的急性毒性、氧化损伤、发育毒性、内分泌干扰、遗传毒性、致癌性、免疫毒性、细胞毒性以及复合毒性的效应和机制,同时对目前存在的问题和进一步的研究方向进行了讨论和展望。Chlorophenol chemicals （CPs） are widespread environmental contaminants. They are persistent and bioaccumulative, and can affect wildlife and human health. Among CPs, 2,4-dichlorophenol （2,4-DCP）, 2,4,6-tri- chlorophenol （2,4,6-TCP） and pentachlorophenol （PCP） were extensively used and could be detected in most waters. Here we reviewed the environmental behavior of the three typical CPs and their toxicity to aquatic or- ganisms, including acute toxicity, developmental toxicity, oxidative stress, endocrine-disruption, genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, immunotoxicity, cytotoxicity and joint-effect toxicity. Furthermore, molecular techniques, such as toxicomics were used for elucidating the mechanisms of action of CPs, with which some sensitive and ef- fective biomarkers had been found. We also discussed research gaps and perspectives that warrant further in- vestigations.

关 键 词：2 4-二氯酚 2' 4  6-三氯酚 五氯酚 水生生物 毒理 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]