不同类型竹种光合特性的比较研究  

A comparative study on photosynthetic characteristics of different types of bamboos

作　　者：吴志庄[1,2] 杜旭华[1] 熊德礼[3] 王树东[1] 邹跃国 周妍[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家林业局竹子研究开发中心,浙江杭州310012 [2]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083 [3]湖北省林业科学研究院,湖北武汉430079 [4]华安县林业局,福建华安363800

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2013年第9期1523-1527,共5页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2012025);浙江省科技厅计划项目(2011F20008);公益性林业行业科研专项(201004001);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(Y3100178)

摘　　要：光合作用是植物生长和物质积累的基础,其光合特性是高光效竹种选育的重要生理指标。为了更好开发利用我国丰富的竹种资源,确定不同类型竹种的光合性能,掌握其合成有机同化物的能力是必须探索的一个重要问题。文章采用Li-6400光合测定仪,通过对不同地下茎类型的6个竹种光合参数和光响应的测定分析,进一步探讨不同类型竹种存在差异的生理基础,以期对不同类型竹种的选育和经营管理提供依据。试验结果表明:不同竹种净光合速率(Pn)差异显著,大木竹Bambusa wenchouensis(Wen)Q.H.Dai的净光合速率最高,Pn值平均达到8.379μmol·m-2·s-1,毛竹Phyllostachys heterocycla cv.pubescens和雷竹P.praecox cv.prevernalis次之,斑苦竹Arundinaria oleosa和苦竹Pleioblastus amarus最低,总体呈现丛生竹>散生竹>混生竹的趋势,1～2 a生竹净光合速率高于3～4 a生竹,但没有显著差异。气孔导度(Cond)、胞间C02浓度(Ci)、蒸腾速率(Tr)综合说明丛生竹的光合固碳能力最强,其中蒸腾速率与气孔导度与净光合速率关系最为紧密,是影响净光合速率的主导因子。光响应曲线表明当光强刚开始增强时,各竹种间差异较小,但随着光强的继续增加,不同竹种出现很大的差异,其中绿竹Dendrocalamus.oldhami(Munro)Keng的潜在光合能力最高,远高于其他竹种,同样表现为丛生竹>散生竹>混生竹,进一步说明丛生竹种较强的光合固碳能力,从而为今后不同类型竹种,尤其是优良丛生竹种的筛选和开发利用提供理论参考。Photosynthesis is the basis of plant growth and biomass accumulation. Photosynthetic characteristics is regarded as an important physiological index for high light efficiency in bamboo species breeding. The photosynthetic performance of different bamboo species and their capacities to synthesize organic assimilate are key issues to be understood in order to explore and utilize the rich bamboo resources in China. This research aims at providing theoretical basis for different types of bamboo species selection and management through measuring and analyzing the photosynthetic parameters and light response curve of six bamboo species with different rhizome types, and further exploring the physiological basis of these differences with Li-6400. The results showed that different bamboo species＇ net photosynthetic rates（Pn） differed significantly. Bambusa wenchouensis has the highest Pn with an average value reaching 8.379μmol m-2 s-1. Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. pubescens and P. praecox cv.prevernalis took the second place. Arundinaria oleosa and Pleioblastus amarus came the last. In general, it showed a trend of sympodial bamboo monopodial bamboo amphipodial bamboos. And Pn of 1-2 year old bamboos is higher than 3-4 year old bamboos, but the difference is not significant. An integrated analysis on stomata conductance（Cond）, intercellular C02concentration（Ci） and transpiration rate（Tr）verified that sympodial bamboo has the strongest photosynthetic carbon sequestration capacity. Being the two dominant factors,Transpiration rate and stomata conductance are most correlated with net photosynthetic rate. Light response curve showed that Pn differences among bamboo species were not significant at the beginning stage, but they raced up with light intensity increase, among which, Dendrocalamus.oldhami bears the highest potential photosynthetic capacity and is far higher than other bamboo species. In general, It also showed a trend of sympodial bamboo monopodial bamboo amphipodial bamboo, which further verif

关 键 词：竹子 生长型 净光合速率 光响应 光合特性 

分 类 号：Q945.11[生物学—植物学]