安徽典型山地茶园养分状况与土壤特性的研究  

Study on Nutrient Status and Soil Properties in the Typical Hilly Tea Gardens of Anhui Province

作　　者：苏有健[1] 廖万有[1] 王烨军[1] 丁勇[1] 胡善国[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院茶叶研究所,安徽祁门245600

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2013年第28期205-210,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：农业部现代农业技术体系建设项目"国家茶叶产业技术体系土壤肥料岗位"(CARS-23-07B);安徽省农业推广项目"茶园安全高效栽培关键技术示范与推广"(12e0806)

摘　　要：为了探明安徽山地茶园土壤养分分布特征和土壤紧实度的基本情况,分析土壤养分供应和茶树养分含量之间的关联性可为山地茶园经营管理提供参考。结果表明:茶园土壤在不同pH区段内的化学性质随pH值的变化差异明显,当土壤pH处于4.0~4.5区段时,对于酸化过程的抑制能力明显减弱,其盐基离子的脱除速度也显著增加,交换性阳离子中致酸离子比例增大,而当土壤pH>5.0时,对于酸化过程的抑制能力则明显增强,盐基脱除速度也迅速下降,交换性阳离子中致酸离子比例下降。皖南山区的茶园土壤中氮磷含量较高,但钾的含量相对不足,皖西的茶园土壤中氮磷钾含量较为均匀。各区县茶园土壤pH都较低,其中低于4.5的占到将近50%,土壤酸化的程度呈日益加剧的趋势。0~20 cm和20~40 cm的土壤容重分别为1.32~1.47g/cm^3和1.37~1.58g/cm^3之间,土壤总孔隙率在50%左右,气相所占比例相对不足,土壤通透性不良。各区县的施肥水平差异较大,皖南的肥料投入量要比皖西的肥料投入量高15%左右。The objective of this study was to investigate distribution characters of soil nutrient and soil hardness in the tea gardens of Anhui Province. Understanding the linkage between soil nutrient supply and tea plant nutrient contents is helpful to improve the management of hill tea gardens. Results indicated that the soil chemical properties at upper and lower depths, the nutrient traits in various plant modules and their relationships were studied in tea gardens of different districts. Chemical properties of various pH fields had notable difference. Specially when soil pH fall in 4.0-4.5 field the rest raining capacity to process of acidification weaken in evidence and velocity of loss of electro positive particle will increase too. When soil pH fall beyond 5.0 field the rest raining capacity to process of acidification enhance in evidence. The content of N and P were high, K was poorer in Southern Anhui, contents of NPK contents were relatively uniform in west Anhui. pH value were very low and showed the trend of acidification aggravation gradually, soil pH below 4.5 account for more than 50%of tea gardens. The soil bulk density were 1.32-1.47 g/cm3 at the layer of 0-20 cm and 1.37-1.58 g/cm3 at 20-40 cm, soil porosity was 50%approximately, air phase were not enough, the permeability of soil was bad. There was great difference in the fertilization level of Anhui districts, fertilizer＆nbsp;application rate in southern Anhui were higher than west Anhui by 15%.

关 键 词：山区茶园 土壤特性 养分状况 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]