几种聚合物熔体黏度与超声波声速关系的表征  

Calculating Viscosity of Several Polymer Melts from Ultrasonic Velocity

作　　者：胡坤[1] 王克俭[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学有机无机复合材料国家重点实验室,机电学院成型制造研究中心,北京100029

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2013年第11期88-91,共4页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51073021);教育部新世纪优秀人才和北京市优秀人才课题

摘　　要：基于熔体黏度与温度的2种表征方法及松弛时间的表达式,考虑超声波测量原理,建立了声速-黏度的线性模型、指数模型和幂率模型;介绍了超声流变测试的一种方法。通过实验数据拟合得到具体表达式预测的结果接近实验值,平均相对误差小于10%。分析表明,线性模型适于较低温度范围,而指数模型适于温度较高的范围。应用模型分析实验数据表明,方程参数可间接反映柔性等材料特性,聚苯乙烯(PS)等分子刚性较大材料的黏度对声速变化更敏感,而聚丙烯(PP)和聚乙烯(HDPE)的相对较低。这显示了超声流变测试学不仅可用于工艺设备调控,还可用于材料学研究。Based on the expressions between viscosity or relaxation time and temperature and ultrasonic theorem, three models of viscosity versus ultrasonic velocity were established including linear-, exponential- and power law-type model. Ultrasonic probes were fixed on capillary to simultaneously measure viscosity and ultrasonic velocity. The predicted values using the new models are close to experimental data after fitting equation parameters, the average absolute relative deviation is less than 10 %. The consistency content suggests that the linear model can be well used at lower temperature against exponential model better at higher temperature. The model parameters exhibit material characteristics such as molecular flexibility. It is found that the changes of viscosity against ultrasonic velocity for such rigid molecules as PS are more sensitive than for PP and HDPE, which implies that ultrasonic rheometry is useful not only in adjusting process variables and processing equipment but also in characterizing materials.

关 键 词：超声波声速 黏度 模型 聚合物熔体 

分 类 号：TQ320.66[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]