来源记忆提取的情境线索效应  

The Effect of Context Cuing on Retrieval of Source Memory

作　　者：许百华[1] 李玉明[1] 崔翔宇[1] 张文熙[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学心理与行为科学系,杭州310028

出　　处：《心理科学》2013年第6期1393-1398,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY13C090002)的资助

摘　　要：探索当存在多维来源信息时,对一个维度的来源信息的再现是否会促进对另一个维度的来源记忆的提取,即出现情境线索效应。以汉字词语作为项目刺激,以背景颜色作为情境线索,通过两个实验分别考察对呈现位置和背景形状的提取是否会出现情境线索效应。结果发现:只在对背景形状的提取中出现了情境线索效应,并且线索负载越高,效应越小。该结果表明对来源记忆提取时,来源信息间的高可结合性是引发情境线索效应的重要因素。The encoding specificity principle indicates that memory performance is affected by the degree of overlap between the learning context and the test context. Retrieval is facilitated when test conditions match encoding conditions, and this is called the context cuing effect. The context cuing effect in item recognition was found quite unstable. Some researches proposed that only the ＂ensemble information＂ meaningfully integrated and bound uniquely with the item information could be an effective context cue. But so far, most studies in this area focused on the context cuing effect on item memory, very little research were conducted on the context cuing effect on source memory. The present study was conducted to examine in what conditions wouldthe context cuing effect appear when there were multidiraensional source memories. Specifically, we wanted to find out whether the associativity of multidimensional source memories could generate context cuing effect in the retrieval of source memory and whetherthe cue load would affect our course of investigation.. Two experiments were conducted. Neutral words composed of two Chinese characters were used as items, and background colors were used as context cue. In Experiment 1, background locations were used as another dimension of source memory. Twelve college students took part in the experiment executed on a P4 computer. The experiment adopted a 3 ~ 3 within - subjects design. Three cue va- lidity conditions （ match, mismatch, new） and three cue load conditions （ 1 ： 1, 1：2, 1 ： 3 ） were arranged. In the stage of study, a word with a colored background rectangle was present on one location of a watch plate. Participants were instructed to remember the word, the color and the location. And then participants did a task to distract their attention for 90s. In the stage of testing, a word with a colored background rectangle was present in the middle of the screen, and participants were asked to judge whether the word was old or new. If they judged that the w

关 键 词：情境线索效应 来源记忆 多维来源信息 可结合性 线索负载 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学]