玉米马铃薯间作作物的土壤水分利用效率研究  

Researches on Soil Water Use Efficiency in Maize-potato Intercropping System

作　　者：刘英超[1] 汤利[1] 郑毅[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201 [2]西南林业大学,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第6期871-877,共7页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260504);国家"973"计划科研专项(2011CB100405);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103003)

摘　　要：玉米//马铃薯是我国西南地区常用生产模式,其水分利用效率研究对提高水资源合理利用、提高抗旱能力具有重要意义。本研究通过盆栽试验,采用滴灌浇水法,动态监测了玉米马铃薯间作条件下作物不同生育期表观耗水量变化和水分利用效率的差异。结果表明,玉米与马铃薯间作有明显的产量优势,土地当量比(LER)为1.36。与单作相比较,间作玉米表观耗水量低于单作,间作马铃薯表观耗水量高于单作;玉米//马铃薯体系之间,间作玉米在苗期、拔节期和抽穗期的表观耗水量比间作马铃薯分别低3.86%、14.89%、0.33%,在乳熟期和成熟期比间作马铃薯分别高14.80%和7.26%。本试验中,全生育期间作玉米水分利用率高于单作,间作体系水分捕获量高于单作,苗期和成熟期间作相对单作对水分利用更高效。Maize-potato intercropping is a traditional practice in southwest area of China,investigation of water use efficiency in the intercropping is important for rational utilization of water resources and increase drought.By pot experiment,we used drip irrigation watering to dynamically monitor the apparent changes of water consumption and water use efficiency at different development stages of maize-potatoes intercropping.The results showed that maize-potato intercropping was obvious in yield advantage; the land equivalent ratio （LER） was 1.36.Compared with monocropping,the soil apparent water consumption of intercropped maize were lower,intercropping potato were higher.The whole growth intercropping maize and potato,in seedling stage,jointing stage and heading stage of apparent water consumption,intercropping potato were lower respectively 3.86%,14.89%,0.33% and,in the milk stage and mature stage intercropping potato were higher respectively 14.80% and 7.26%.The trial,the whole growth period intercropping water use efficiency and water capture was higher than monoculture; and seedling and mature period relative to monoculture on water use was more efficient.

关 键 词：玉米 马铃薯 间作 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S344.2[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]