柴油降解菌的分离鉴定及降解特性研究  

Isolation, Identification and Degradation Characteristics of A Diesel Oil-Degrading Bacterium

作　　者：刘沙沙[1,2] 陈志良[1] 董家华[1] 徐玉新[2] 彭晓春[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,广东广州510655 [2]山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《土壤通报》2013年第6期1440-1444,共5页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划"863计划"(SQ2009AA06XK1482462);环保公益科研专项(201009063);环保公益项目(201109024)资助

摘　　要：从柴油污染土壤中富集、分离筛选出一株以柴油为唯一碳源和能源的降解菌株,通过分析其生理生化特征和16SrDNA序列,确定该菌种为醋酸钙不动杆菌(Acinetobacter calcoaceticus),命名为DB。通过单因素实验对影响DB降解柴油效率的因素进行研究,得出DB的最佳降解条件:柴油添加量4000 mg.kg-1,十二烷基苯磺酸钠6 mg g-1,H2O2累计加入量16 ml,甲醇2 ml。在此条件下经过62 d的生物修复实验,添加DB菌种、未加菌和叠氮化钠灭菌土样中的柴油降解率分别为69.82%、22.12%和13.65%,加DB土样中柴油的降解半衰期(37 d)比不加菌(165 d)缩短了约5倍,比灭菌土样(347 d)缩短了约10倍,说明菌种DB是一株可以用于柴油污染土壤生物修复的高效降解菌。A diesel oil-degrading bacterium（DB） was enriched and isolated from the diesel oil contaminated soil which using diesel fuel as the sole carbon and nitrogen source in this paper. The strain was identified as Acinetobacter calcoaceticus through morphological observation and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, respectively. The results of the single factor experiment showed that the optimum condition for this DB strain was at diesel fuel concentration of 4000 mg kg-1 and LAS6 mg g-l, and the total addition amount of H^O2 was 16 ml, and methanol was 2 ml. After 62-day bioremediation experiment in the above optimum condition, the degradation rates of diesel in different treatment, i.e. soil amended with this DB bacterium, soil without this DB bacterium, and soil with sterilized by sodiumazide, were separately 69.82%, 22.12% and 13.65%;their half-lives were 37 d, 165 d and 347 d, respectively. We concluded that this DB strain is a high efficient degradation bacterium, which can be used in the bioremediation of diesel oil contaminated soil.

关 键 词：生物修复 柴油降解菌 筛选 鉴定 降解率 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]