我国22种典型土壤对汞的吸附容量及影响因子研究  

Mercury Adsorption Capacities of 22 Typical Soils in China and their Influence Factors

作　　者：郑顺安[1,2] 陈春[2] 李晓华[1,2] 徐志宇 沈跃[2] 郑向群[2] 

机构地区：[1]农业部农业生态与资源保护总站,北京100125 [2]农业部环境保护科研监测所,天津300191

出　　处：《土壤通报》2013年第6期1496-1500,共5页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903015);"十二五"农村领域国家科技计划课题(2012AA101404-5)资助

摘　　要：掌握各种类型农田土壤对汞（Hg）的吸附解吸容量及特性是№污染农田土壤的控制及治理提的基础。目前基于全国尺度范围内，开展不同土壤类型对Hg吸附容量的研究仍然比较缺乏。选取全国22种代表性土壤类型，采用试验实测法和平衡吸附方程推算方法，针对我国典型土壤对取的最大吸附容量进行推断，并用逐步回归分析方法对影响吸附容量的土壤性质因子进行判定。结果表明，双表面Langmuir方程是推求我国典型土壤对Hg吸附容量的比较理想方法，22种典型土壤Hg吸附容量的拟合结果为3052．95～8374．27mgkg-1。pH、阳离子交换量和有机质是低能位最大吸附量的影响因子（决定系数为0．9329），其中pH所占权重最高，有机质和游离氧化铁是高能位最大吸附量的影响因子（决定系数为0．8176），有机质所占权重最高。综合来看，土壤理化性质中对Hg吸附容量影响最大的参数是有机质，其次是pH和游离氧化铁含量，这三者对吸附容量的决定系数为0．8216。Mercury （Hg） adsorption capacities of different soil types are considered to be essential to Hg pollution control in contaminated agricultural soils. However, the above information in China is still unclear. This study was conducted to elucidate the influences of soil properties on mercury adsorption by modeling the relationships between adsorption capacity and the properties of 22 typical soil types. The results manifested that the Langmuir two-surface equation was provided to be a better fit to the mercury adsorption data than the Langmuir one-surface equation. Therefore, the two-surface Langmuir equation was used to assess adsorption capacity of mercury in soils. The prediction results by the two-surface Langmuir equation indicated that Hg adsorption capacities were ranged from 3052.95 mg kg-1 to 8374.27 mg kg-1. About 93.29% of the variability in mercury adsorption on the low-energy surface could be described by pH, CEC and organic matter, and 81.76% of the variability in mercury adsorption on the high-energy surface could be described by organic matter, and free Fe oxides. Generally, organic matter, pH and free Fe oxides were responsible for 82.16% of the variability in the total adsorption capacity of mercury in soils, which ordered as the order organic matter 〉 pH 〉 free Fe oxides.

关 键 词：汞 典型土壤 吸附 容量 影响因子 

分 类 号：X131.3[环境科学与工程—环境科学]