广西2005—2009年的毒物种类及急性中毒病例动态分析  

THE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF 532 KINDS TOXICANTS OF ACUTE POISONING IN GUANGXI

作　　者：胡德宏 张振明 蒋东方 刘清华[2] 

机构地区：[1]广西区职业病防治研究院,广西南宁市530021 [2]广西医科大学基础医学院

出　　处：《中国煤炭工业医学杂志》2013年第11期1874-1877,共4页Chinese Journal of Coal Industry Medicine

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生厅重点项目(编号:重200932)

摘　　要：目的探讨广西急性中毒毒物的5年动态变化特点。方法从广西63个医疗单位收集6004例急性中毒病例与其接触的532种毒物进行5年动态分析。结果毒物与病例的5年总体动态分析：在2005-2009年中出现1～5年的5类毒物数各为320、91、34、33、54种，其病例数依序各为536、268、191、321、4688例；各种毒物5年致病性动态分析：在出现2～5年的4类毒物中，其负递增数依序为16、8、3、4，其零递增数依序为62、12、4、0，其正递增数依序为：13、14、26、50种。正递增毒物的致病性比较：在2～5年正递增毒物中，其合计病例数与年均递增病例数依序为66与6．75例、80与4．25例、276与15．25例、3810与92．50例。结论广西地区急性中毒毒物特点：以60％毒物引致中毒病例不到10％，约10％毒物则引致80％的病例；按其在5年中出现年数可将这些毒物分为“新发、可变、常发毒物”三类，按其动态致病作用分类，又可分为：“逐年减弱态与增强态”二类，若按其年均递增病例数，还可分为：低、中、高递增三类。以5年连续出现的高递增毒物为广西致急性中毒主要毒物。Objective To discuss the characteristics of five- years- dynamic change on the toxicants of acute poisoning in Guangxi. Methods The medical records of 6004 cases of acute poisoning were collected in the 63 medical units, then the five- years - dynamic analysis for 532 kinds of toxicants were performed. Results On the five- years - dynamic analysis of toxicants and cases, the number of five kinds toxicants appearing one to five years in 2005- 2009 were in order to 320, 91, 34, 33, 54 species, and numbers of patients distributed in these toxicants in order to 536, 268, 191, 321, 4 688 cases. On the fiveyearsdynamic analysises of toxicant pathogenicity, the numbers showing negative increase in the four types of toxicants appearing two to five years were in order to 16, 8, 3, 4 kinds, the numbers showing zero increase in the four types of toxicants appearing two to five years in order to 62, 12, 4, 0 kinds, and the numbers showing positive increase in the four types of toxicants appearing two to five years in order to 13, 14, 26, 50 kinds. On the pathogenetic comparison of positive increase toxicants, the numbers of overall patients and annual - averageincreasing cases in the four types of toxicants appearing two to five years were in order to 66 and 6.75 cases, 80 and 4.25 cases, 276 and 15.25 cases, 3810 and 92.50 cases. Conclusions On the toxicant characteristics of acute poisoning in Guangxi, about 60% of all toxicants kinds leads poisoning cases is less than 10% in all cases, other 10% toxicants lead poisoning cases is more than 80%. If the toxicant classifications is maded by the numbers appearing in five years, these are classified into the three kinds of toxicants named as new onset, variable, and often onset toxicants. If the toxicant classifications ismaded by the dynamic pathogenicity, these are classified into the two kinds ot toxmants namect as strengthening state and weakening state yearly . And if the toxicants classifications is maded by the annual - averageincreasing cases, these are classified into

关 键 词：急性中毒 毒物特点 动态分析 职业医学 

分 类 号：R155.1[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]