城市化进程中甘青藏区语言文化生活研究——以甘肃省天祝藏族自治县华藏寺镇为个案  

A Study on Language and Cultural Life in the Process of Urbanization in Tibetan-inhabited Areas of Gansu and Qinghai——A Case Study of Huazangsi Township of Tianzhu Tibet Autonomous County in Gansu Province

作　　者：姚春林[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北联合大学,唐山063039

出　　处：《中央民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2013年第6期153-159,共7页Journal of Minzu University of China(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金特别委托项目"藏语文使用活力的调查研究"(项目编号:XZ0901);教育部人文社科研究一般项目"现代汉语新词新语使用情况的社会分层研究"(编号:12YJC740129)的资助

摘　　要：城镇化在促进经济发展的同时也促进了人员流动和语言接触,加快了语言同化和弱势语言消亡的速度。这对保护语言文化多样性提出了新的课题。调查结果显示,社区中所有被试都掌握当地汉语方言(天祝话),72.7%的被试(24人)能用普通话交谈,60.6%的被试(20人)能用安多藏语交谈。天祝话是社区成员最重要的语言,仅不足一半的被试与家庭成员或本民族交谈时使用(或兼用)藏语。即使在家庭内部,部分藏族也不使用藏语做交际语。如果不对藏语使用现状进行干预,久而久之,藏语将在当地失去交际功能,逐渐退出历史舞台。另外,被试的行为倾向与其语言文字态度存在差异。天祝话虽是当地主要的交际用语,但被试对其评价不够积极。调查结果还显示,被试学习藏语的主要目的是出于民族情感,认为影响当地藏语文发展的主要障碍是缺乏语言环境。Urbanization has promoted economic development and at the same time, enhanced population mobility and language contact. As a result, it also accelerated language assimilation and extinction of marginalized languages. It has posed a new challenge to the protection of diverse languages and cultures. An investigation shows that all the respondents master the local Han dialect （Tianzhu Dialect） , among them, 72. 7% （24 respondents） can talk in Mandarin, and 60. 6% （20 respondents） can communicate in Amdo Tibetan. Tianzhu Dialect is the most important language for community members, only less than half of the respondents use （or sometimes use） Tibetan in communication with family members or people of the same ethnic groups. Even in families, some Tibetans do not use Tibetan as their communicative language. If there is no interference into the use of Tibetan, by and by, it will lose its local communicative function and gradually disappear. In addition, there are differences among the respondents in behavior tendency and language attitude. Although Tianzhu Dialect is the main local communicative language, the respondents do not make very positive comments on it. The results also show that the motivation of the respondents to learn Tibetan is mainly because of their ethnic emotion. The writer thinks that lacking language environment is the main obstacle to hinder the development of local Tibetan.

关 键 词：藏汉双语 语言活力 语言使用 语言态度 

分 类 号：H214[语言文字—少数民族语言]