涌泉根灌对山地红枣产量与品质的影响  

Effects of Bubble-root Irrigation on Yield and Quality of Jujube in Hills

作　　者：车银伟[1] 杨器 代顺冬[1] 胡田田[2] 朱德兰[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2013年第11期108-113,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD29B00);国家"863"计划(2010AA10A302)

摘　　要：为探讨涌泉根灌灌水方式对红枣产量和品质的影响,采用8a生枣树,设涌泉根灌、滴灌、管灌3种方式和每株灌水20、80、160L3个灌水定额,测定了红枣的产量、可溶性糖、可溶性固形物及维生素C质量分数等品质指标。结果表明,涌泉根灌和滴灌在不影响红枣可溶性固形物、可溶性糖和含水率的情况下,灌水定额每株80L较20L、160L提高红枣维生素C质量分数。灌水定额每株80L时,涌泉根灌和滴灌较管灌显著提高红枣可溶性糖质量分数,但对其他品质指标无显著影响。灌水定额相同时,与管灌相比,涌泉根灌与滴灌显著提高红枣产量。在涌泉根灌和滴灌条件下,随灌水定额增加,初期产量增大,从每株80L到160L产量有降低趋势。表明涌泉根灌在不影响红枣品质的前提下,与滴灌的增产效果相近,是一种可行的灌水新技术。The effects of different irrigation methods on yield and fruit quality of jujube in Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi were investigated on 8 year jujube trees using a field experiment. The trees were irrigated at three irrigation quotas of 20 L, 80 L and 160 L per plant using three methods, i.e. bubble root irrigation,drip irrigation and pipe irrigation.The yield and mass fraction of soluble sugar, reduced vitamin C and soluble solids in jujube were determined. Results showed that for bubble root irrigation and drip irrigation, reduced vitamin C mass fraction in jujube was increased at 80 L per plant compared to 20 L or 160 L per plant, and soluble solids, soluble sugar and water mass fraction were not changed. Bubble root irrigation and drip irrigation enhanced soluble sugar in jujube compared to pipe irrigation when irrigation quota was 80 L per plant. The jujube yield was increased significantly under bubble root irrigation and drip irrigation compared to pipe irrigation. For bubble root irrigation and drip irrigation, the yield at the quota of 80 L per plant was higher than that of 20 L per plant but not significantly different from that of 160 L per plant. This suggested that compared with pipe irrigation, surge spring root irrigation and drip irrigation can markedly increase the yield without affecting the fruit quality. Surge spring root irrigation can be accepted as a new viable irrigation technology.

关 键 词：涌泉根灌 灌水定额 红枣 品质 产量 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]