小学儿童羞怯自评量表的编制与应用  

The Development and Application of Self-reported Shyness Scale for Primary School Children

作　　者：武云鹏[1] 陈英敏[1] 高峰强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国山东师范大学心理学院,济南250014

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2013年第11期1698-1701,共4页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：教育部人文社科项目(08JAXLX009);教育部人文社会科学青年项目(12YJC190009);教育部人文社科一般项目(12YJC190004);国家社会科基金项目"儿童青少年羞怯的适应能力与干预研究"(BBSH061);山东省"泰山学者"特聘教授设岗学科建设经费;山东省"十二五"强化建设重点学科经费资助

摘　　要：目的 编制针对小学儿童羞怯的自评量表并检验其信效度,初步考察儿童羞怯的结构与特点.方法 在文献梳理、调查访谈基础上编制初始量表,试测后随机整群取样选取小学四、五年级647名儿童施测,通过项目分析、探索性和验证性因素分析确定量表最终结构.随机选取其中32名学生在1个月后测定重测信度.抽取673名小学四、五年级学生进行正式量表调查.结果 量表共22个项目,分为消极评价恐惧、交往退缩、表现的自我限制3个维度,解释了总方差的45.63％.量表具有良好的结构效度（x2/df=1.831,CFI=0.913,RMR=0.098,GFI=0.914,TLI=0.902,IFI=0.914,RMSEA=0.049）.总量表和3个维度的Cronbach α系数为0.645 ～ 0.886；总量表和3个维度的重测信度为0.693～0.740.非独生子女的消极评价恐惧水平（F=5.70,P=0.017）、自我限制水平（F=6.82,P=0.009）显著高于独生子女；女生社交退缩水平显著高于男生（F=10.06,P=0.002）；农村儿童交往退缩水平显著高于城市儿童（F=21.01,P＜0.001）.结论 本研究所编制的羞怯量表可作为小学儿童羞怯研究的测量工具.Objective To develop the Self-reported Shyness Scale for Primary School Children （SSS -PSC）, examine its reliability and validity, and investigate the characteristics of the shyness of high grade primary students. Methods Through literature review and interview with students and teachers, the researcher developed original items for the scale. After pre-test, the researcher investigated 647 primary students recruited from grade 4 and grade 5. Item analysis and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used to determine the final structure of the scale. Totally 32 randomly selected subjects were retested after 1 month. Then a sample of 673 students was in- vestigated with this self-developed scale. Results The final vision of SSS - PSC consisted of 22 items,including 3 factors,namely fear of negative evaluation, social withdrawal, and self-restriction of performance, and 45.63% of the total variance was explained. It had Satisfy- ing structure validity （ x2/df = 1.831, CFI = 0. 913, RMR =- 0.098, GFI = 0. 914, TLI = O. 902, IFI = 0.914, RMSEA = O. 049 ）. The Cron- bach coefficients for total scale and its 3 subscales were 0. 645 ~ 0. 886. The retest reliability for total scale and its 3 subscales were 0. 693 - 0. 740. The non-only-child was significantly higher than only-child in the dimension of fear of negative evaluation（ F = 5.70 ,P = 0. 017 ） and self-restriction of performance（ F = 6. 82 ,P = 0. 009）. The social withdrawal of girls was significantly higher than that of boys （ F = 10. 06, P = 0. 002 ）. The social withdrawal of children from countryside was significantly higher than that of city children （ F = 21. O1 ,P 〈0. 001 ）. Conclusion It suggests that the reliability and validity of SSS - PSC are good enough for relevant researches on shyness of children.

关 键 词：儿童 羞怯量表 信度 效度 心理评估 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]