合训学员运动损伤现状调查及预防对策  

Analysis on Sport Injuries for Cadets in Military Academies in China

作　　者：郝鑫鑫[1] 彭雄辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学体育与基层工作系,湖南长沙410072

出　　处：《军事体育学报》2013年第4期77-80,共4页Journal of Military Physical Education and Sports

摘　　要：目的:探讨军校合训学员运动损伤特征、损伤易患部位、损伤类型、损伤发生时段和导致损伤的原因,以期为运动损伤的预防提供理论依据。研究对象:某军校某年级因病假未能参加体能普考的合训学员,共96名。结果:1)运动损伤高发于秋冬两季,在障碍跑和基础体能训练中最容易出现运动损伤;2)运动损伤以软组织损伤为主,主要集中在膝部、腰背部和踝部;3)运动损伤主要发生在日常训练和考核阶段,身体疲劳、技术不正确和准备活动不充分是导致损伤的主要原因;4)运动损伤发生后恢复较慢,将会在较长一段时间内影响正常训练和考核。结论:制定科学合理的训练计划,并根据学员身体状态及时调整训练安排,完善技术动作、提高准备活动质量可在一定程度上预防运动损伤;损伤后及时开展治疗和康复训练,有助于促进损伤恢复。Purpose： in order to prepare for the final physical fitness examination, we investigated the characters, lo- cations and causes of military- training injuries of cadets in NUDT. Subjects： because of sick leave, 96 senior cadets did not participate in the mllege physical fimess examination. We selected 96 cadets as subjects in this investigation. Results： the results indicated that： a. the military- training is liable to injuries in autumn and winter, and occurred frequently in steeplechase and basic physical fitness training; b. most of military training injuries is soft tissue in- ]ury, which is localized in knee joint, waist and ankle joint; c. injuries mostly appeared in daily training and exami- nation period. Physical fatigue, incorrect movements and insufficient warm- up is the main reasons; d. Once oc- curred, the injuries would notbe easy to restore sport - specific skills and techniques , which severely affected the normal training and physical fitness examination. Conclusion： make effective training program and regulate training project promptly, improve movements and technique, and sufficient warm- up would be useful to prevent training injuries. Furthermore, after injuries acute stage, take physical fitness rehabilitation as early as possible would be good for the recovery.

关 键 词：军校 合训学员 运动损伤 预防对策 

分 类 号：G804.53[文化科学—运动人体科学]