中国大学专利、技术转移与企业创新——基于累积创新视角  

Universities' Patents, Technology Transfer and Firms' Innovation in China: Based on the Accumulation Innovation

作　　者：许春[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学经济与管理学院,南京211100

出　　处：《科学学与科学技术管理》2013年第12期78-86,共9页Science of Science and Management of S.& T.

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(NR2011010);江苏省教育厅高校哲社基金项目(2011SJD630013)

摘　　要：由于技术创新具有累积属性和互补属性以及大学科学研究本身具有的倾向"基础性"特征,对大学技术知识产权保护力度的加大,会阻碍大学技术的扩散。建立理论模型分析认为,大学专利数量上升增加了企业后续创新的成本,对企业"累积创新"起到限制作用;另外,大学技术专利保护范围的扩大抑制了企业创新,减少了创新企业的数量;影响大学创新技术"互补效应"的发挥。利用中国2000—2009年有关数据初步证实了理论研究得到的结论。最后提出利用政府资助的科研基金所产生的大学科技成果应该回归"公共产品"属性。More and more technologies of Chinese universities have acquired the intellectual properties such as patents from laws and it is believed to be helpful to promote the technology transfer and diffusion of Chinese universities. But this arti-cle challenges the traditional beliefs and viewpoints. Because the technology innovation has the characteristic of ‘accumula-tion＇ and ‘complement＇ and the characteristic of scientific basics of the universities＇ technology, the strengths of protecting the universities＇ intellectual properties may hinder the diffusion of the universities＇ technology. The study builds a theoretical model and finds that the increasing of universities＇ patents will add the sequential innovation cost to firms and constrain the firms＇ ‘accumulation innovation＇ activities. The model also finds that the broader of the range of the patents from the univer-sities will hinder the firms＇ innovation and decrease the number of the firms which can form the complementary effect of the technology originated from universities. Using data from 2000 to 2009 in China, this article empirically analyzes their re-lationship between the number of universities＇ patents and of the firms, and testifies the results of the theoretical analysis In the end, this article suggests the technologies of the universities funded by public support should return the public do-main.

关 键 词：大学技术转移 专利 企业累积创新 企业互补创新 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学] F273.1[文化科学—教育学]