“生物演替─顶级群落”的论析——从“生态学”到“生态伦理学”的必然性  

Disputes over the Monoclimax Hypothesis:the Necessity of Transition from Ecology to Ecological Ethics

作　　者：胡建 何云峰[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省行政学院政治学研究所,杭州310012 [2]上海师范大学知识与价值科学研究所,上海200234

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第6期122-127,145,共6页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“马克思的生态文明思想及其当代影响”(11BKS006)

摘　　要：20世纪前期的"生态学"界发生了关于"生物演替─顶级群落"理论的论战。论战双方在价值路向上的歧异说明,人类研究生态问题不能限于"生态学"。生态学作为一门自然科学,本质上体现着人类对自然对象的一种知解性把握,因此,它只以一种价值中立的冷峻态度寻求"实是"中的"是",并不能满足人类根本性的生态利益。而人类的生态利益乃人类对自身的存在意义和价值取向的探源式追问和归本性回答,因此只能植基于一门以"求善"为目的的人文科学。依据这种价值逻辑,"生态学"必然过渡至"生态伦理学"。Clements at the There were disputes beginning of the 20th over the monoclimax hypothesis, proposed by H. C. Cowles and F. E. century. The conclusion of the disputes was that a pure ecological orienta- tion about ecological issues is not enough. Ecology as a discipline of natural sciences is one of intellectual un- derstandings about natural existence. However, it is only focused on the law of natural phenomena with its so - called value - free explorations and neglect of human fundamental ecological interest. Human ecological interest is related to the meaning of human existence. It is a kind of seeking highest value - loadings as well as an in - depth exploration of human values. Thus, it must be based on ecological ethics, a branch of humanities, with the purpose of pursuit of Goodness. Ecological ethics involves human reflections about their relations to ecologi- cal world and rational recognition of overall values of the ecological world as well. It is argued that human vision about ecological issues must have a transition from visual field of sole ecology to that of ecological ethics.

关 键 词：生物演替一顶级群落理论 生态学 生态伦理学 

分 类 号：B82-058[哲学宗教—伦理学]