仙游县医院患者消化道恶性肿瘤认知度调查  

Surveys on awareness of gastrointestinal cancer among patients from Xianyou County Hospital

作　　者：梁栋[1] 刘宝英[2] 何斐[3] 张杰 

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学公共卫生学院卫生管理与社会医学系,福建福州350108 [2]福建医科大学公共卫生学院职业与环境卫生学系 [3]福建医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系 [4]三明市梅列区洋溪镇政府

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2013年第11期840-845,共6页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：福建省仙游县消化道肿瘤病因学;流行病学研究项目(2013B008)

摘　　要：目的了解仙游县患者对消化道恶性肿瘤相关知识认知度的现状,发现存在的突出问题,探讨有针对性的健康教育策略和措施,为当地卫生行政部门制定规划和政策,开展肿瘤防治工作提供参考依据。方法通过自行设计问卷对仙游县患者对消化道恶性肿瘤相关知识认知度的现状进行调查,并用Epidata软件进行双机录入,利用SPSS 19.0软件进行数据分析,采用χ2检验进行组间比较分析,检验水准设为0.05。结果调查信息完整有效者406人,了解肿瘤的95人,占23.40%,部分了解165人,占40.64%,不了解146人,占35.96%。在获取肿瘤相关知识的渠道中,别人的谈论、相关新闻报道或者医疗机构宣传、亲身经历或身边的人的经历、书籍或网络分别占61.82%、54.19%、30.79%、25.37%。大部分患者的生活行为习惯是健康的,但关于体育锻炼、健康饮食、接种疫苗和按时作息有大部分人没有做到;有不少人仍经常吸烟(34.98%)、酗酒(19.95%)和熬夜(12.56%)。另绝大部分被调查者认可癌症可以得以预防(60.84%),通过开展免费或低收费的肿瘤普查有利于预防肿瘤(85.22%),可以早发现、早治疗,改善生活质量(91.87%)。觉得发现癌症后应该去正规医院接受规范化治疗353人,占86.95%,认为癌症综合康复治疗可以有效提高癌症患者的生存时间和生命质量242人,占59.61%。结论仙游县患者对消化道肿瘤知识的知晓率较低,与当地居民的年龄、教育水平、职业及经济水平相关。医护人员应当根据患者不同情况采取不同形式和渠道进行消化道肿瘤健康教育,提高患者肿瘤防治意识,从而降低消化道肿瘤的发病率和死亡率。Objective To understand the current status of awareness about gastrointestinal cancer knowledge among patients from Xianyou County Hospital, so as to provide scientific evidence for prevention and control Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used in the survey. Epidata software and SPSS 19.0. were used for data entry and analysis. Results Out of 406 patients surveyed, 23.40%, 40.46% and 35.96% participants claimed a total understanding, partial understanding, and no understanding at all about gastrointestinal cancer. Patients usually acqired the knowledge from other＇s talk （61.82%）, news reports or health education of medical institutions （54.19%）, their own or otherts experiences （30.79%） and from books or network （25.37 %）. The survey also revealed that majority did not do enough physical exercises, or have healthy diet, or get vaccinated or go to bed on time. They still smoked （34. 98%）, drank alcohol （19.95%） and stayed up （12.56%）. 60.84%% thought cancer was preventable mostly by free or low-cost cancer screening （85.22%）and more than 90% knew cancer could be found and treated early. Meanwhile, 86.95% and 79.08% of participants supported the idea that cancer patients should be treated in certified hospitals and comprehensive rehabilitation therapy could effectively improve the life quality of patients and helped them to live longer. Conclusions The low awareness rate of knowledge about gastrointestinal cancer among patients in Xianyou County is related to age, education level, occupation and family income. Therefore, an approprate health education intervention is necessory to improve their understanding of the prevention and treatment in order to reduce the incidence and mortality of gastrointestinal cancer.

关 键 词：仙游县 医院患者 消化道恶性肿瘤 认知度 现状 对策 

分 类 号：R735[医药卫生—肿瘤]