医务人员锐器伤相关因素调查及防护  

RISK FACTORS INVESTIGATION ON SHARP INSTRUMENT INJURIES OF MEDICAL STAFF AND PREVENTION COUNTERMEASURES

作　　者：郑丽华[1] 尤汉萍[1] 许婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏回族自治区人民医院,银川750001

出　　处：《中国消毒学杂志》2013年第11期1045-1046,1049,共3页Chinese Journal of Disinfection

摘　　要：目的了解医务人员锐器伤发生的相关危险因素,制定出有效防护措施。方法采用前瞻性调查方法,选择某医院2010年1月-2013年1月期间临床医务人员为对象进行医疗锐器伤情况调查,分析危险因素。结果调查期间共上报医疗锐器伤医务人员46例,其中护士占54.35%,医师占26.09%,其他岗位人员占19.56%。锐器伤主要发生科室为病房和治疗室,分别占34.78%和21.74%;主要发生环节为输液拔除针头和锐器处理,分别占26.09%和17.39%。暴露源以血源性疾病为主,其中乙型肝炎表面抗原阳性占45.65%,但无医务人员发生相关感染。结论该医院医疗锐器伤主要发生在护士群体,重点是病房和治疗室,应有针对性地制定防护措施。Objective To know the risk factors associated with the sharp injuries in medical staff and provide a basis for carrying out correct prevention. Methods Prospective investigation was carried out to monitor the incidence of sharp inju- ries among medical staff during Jan. 2010 to Jan. 2013. Results There were 46 cases of sharp injuries occurred during the investigation period. 54. 35% was nurses , 26. 09% was doctors and 19. 56% was others position. Most department of sharp injuries were the wards（34.78% ） and the treatment rooms（21.74% ）. The withdrawal of needles（26, 09% ） and set- tie sharps（ 17. 39% ） were the main operation steps; the blood -borne diseases was the source of exposure, most of them were infected with HBsAg（45.65% ）. The infection did not occur among medical staff. Conclusion Sharp injuries mainly occur in nurses and the main department were wards and the treatment rooms. We should take targeted prevention counter- measures.

关 键 词：医疗锐器伤 护士 病房 防护 

分 类 号：R184[医药卫生—流行病学]