优秀女子举重运动员抓举动作技术的肌电测试研究  

Study on sEMG Test of Elite Women Weightlifters' Snatch Technique

作　　者：王向东[1] 刘梦飞[2] 任景萍[3] 

机构地区：[1]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100061 [2]北京建筑大学,北京100044 [3]首都体育学院,北京100044

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2013年第10期71-76,104,共7页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：国家体育总局体育科学研究所基本科研业务费(基本08-22)资助

摘　　要：目的:通过对女子举重运动员的抓举动作技术进行运动生物力学测试,揭示抓举技术不同阶段各主要肌群与动作技术的关系,为今后举重运动员技术诊断和专项力量训练提供一定的科学依据。方法:利用高速摄像和表面肌电对女子举重运动员的抓举动作技术进行同步测试,对三种负荷强度下对应的各肌群肌电平均振幅进行对比研究。结果:不同负荷强度下各肌群在抓举不同动作阶段表现出的肌电平均振幅规律性较好,各肌群表现出的肌电测试结果与抓举技术中各肌群的作用比较吻合。结论:通过肌电测试、分析,揭示了受试者所测肌肉在抓举技术的不同动作阶段所发挥的作用。具体表现为在伸膝提铃阶段和引膝提铃阶段下肢肌群起主要作用,而在惯性上升阶段和下蹲支撑阶段上肢肌群起主要作用。通过非参数检验发现除了臀大肌和骶棘肌肌电平均振幅在个别动作阶段不同强度间存在显著性差异外,其它各肌群的肌电平均振幅与抓举负荷强度无关且均无显著性差异。Objective： The purpose of this study is to reveal the relationship between the main muscle groups in different stages of snatch technique and movement technology by biomechanical testing women＇s weightlifting ath- letes. This study provided a scientific basis for weightlifting athletes technical diagnosis and special strength train- ing in the future. Methods： The authors tested women＇s weightlifting snatch action technology by using high-speed camera and surface eleetromyography and studied the corresponding EMG average amplitude of each muscle of three kinds of load intensity. Results ： Under the different load intensity EMG average amplitude showed preferable regularity. This research showed that EMG test results of each muscle group coincide with action of each muscle group during snatching. Conclusions： By EMG test and analysis, this research revealed that the subjects＇ meas- ured muscle played effect in different action stages of snatch technique. At the lifting bell stage of extending knee and bending knee lower limb muscles had the main role, while in the inertial up supporting phase and squat sup- porting stage upper limb muscles had main effect. Through a nonparametric test this study found that the gluteus maximus and erector spinae EMG average amplitude was significantly different in different stages and there were no significant differences between other each muscle EMG average amplitude and snatch load intensity.

关 键 词：女子举重 抓举 技术 生物力学 肌电 

分 类 号：G884[文化科学—体育训练]