花后高温干旱对春小麦淀粉形成的影响  

Effect of High Temperature and Drought on the Formation of Starch after Flowering of Spring Wheat

作　　者：吴宏亮[1] 康建宏[1] 姚珊[1] 李昱[1] 倪欢[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2013年第11期1974-1984,共11页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31160255);宁夏大学大学生创新实验(11NXN38)

摘　　要：【目的】宁夏春小麦受干热风影响，籽粒中淀粉含量下降，研究花后高温干旱对春小麦淀粉形成的影响，实现西北区域春小麦高产稳产优质。【方法】采用盆栽方法研究花后高温干旱对春小麦淀粉形成的影响。【结果】花后高温或土壤干旱均导致籽粒中ADPG、UDPG、SSS和SBE活性下降5％-10％，其影响随生育期推进而加剧。宁春4号品种受干旱胁迫及高温干旱互作效应影响大，不同水分处理间籽粒ADPG、UDPG、SSS和直链淀粉含量的差异均达显著水平，水分胁迫显著影响ADPG活性，对支链淀粉含量和总淀粉含量影响不显著。【结论】花后高温干旱主要影响直链淀粉含量及其关键酶，进而影响总淀粉含量，生产上可以采取相应措施缓解高温干旱的危害，提高小麦产量和品质。[ Objective ] The content of starch on spring wheat were pushed lower by the dry and hot wind in Ningxia area, study on effect of high temperature and drought on the formation of starch of spring wheat would be significant to improving yield and quality of spring wheat in the Northwest area. [ Method ] Effect of high temperature and drought on the formation of starch after flowering on spring wheat were studied on pot ex- periment. [ Result]The results showed that,ADPG, UDPG, SSS and SBE activities decreased 5% -10%, changing drastically with the growing of wheat under high temperature after anthesis or soil drought. Drought stress, high temperature and drought interaction effects on different water treatment had tremendous effect on Ningchun 4, the difference of ADPG, UDPG, SSS and the grain amylose content were significant on different treatments of water stress, and the activity of ADPG were significantly affected by water stress,but no signifi- cant effect on the amylopectin content and total starch content was displayed. [ Conclusion] Tthe amylose con- tent and its key enzymes were mainly affected by high temperature and drought after anthesis, which affected the total starch content, for this reason, it was suggested that the reasonable measures were taken to ease the harm of high temperature and drought and improve the yield and quality of the spring wheat.

关 键 词：春小麦 淀粉 高温 干旱 

分 类 号：S512.12[农业科学—作物学]