消化内科住院患者医院感染病原菌及危险因素分析  

Pathogenic bacteria causing nosocomial infections in hospitalized patients of gastroenterology department and analysis of risk factors

作　　者：余飞龙[1] 金革[1] 武伟[1] 黄频[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州市萧山区第一人民医院消化内科,浙江杭州311201

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2013年第24期6138-6140,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的研究消化内科住院患者医院感染的病原菌分布及其耐药性,并对消化内科医院感染发生的危险因素进行分析。方法选取医院2011年1月-2012年12月消化内科住院患者224例,对其中感染患者送检的标本进行分离培养病原菌及药敏试验;分析医院感染的危险因素。结果 136例患者发生感染,感染率60.71%;检出病原菌标本来源主要是血液、分泌物和尿液,分别占26.35%、21.62%和18.92%;分离出的病原菌中革兰阳性菌56株占37.84%,革兰阴性菌92株占62.16%;革兰阳性菌对替考拉宁和乙酰唑胺的耐药率较低;革兰阴性菌对阿米卡星和亚胺培南的耐药率较低;医院感染的危险因素有年龄、住院时间、手术与否、使用呼吸机和使用尿管。结论临床应根据消化内科感染发生的危险因素,控制感染的发生,及时送检标本分离培养病原菌,并进行药敏试验,合理使用抗菌药物。OBJECTIVE To study the distribution of pathogens causing nosocomial infections in the hospitalized patients of gastroenterology department, analyze the drug resistance, and explore risk factors for the nosocomial infections. METHODS A total of 224 cases of patients, who were hospitalized the gastroenterology department from Jan 2011 to Dec 2012, were enrolled in the study, then the submitted specimens from the patients with infec- tions were cultured for the isolation of pathogens, the drug susceptibility testing was performed, and the risk factors for the nosocomial infections were analyzed. RESULTS The infections occurred in 136 cases with the infection rate of 60.71%. The blood, secretions, and urine were the predominant specimens sources where the pathogens were isolated, accounting for 26.35%, 21. 62%, and 18. 92%, respectively. Of the pathogens isolated, there were 56 （37.84%） strains of gram-positive bacteria and 92 （62.16%） strains of gram-negative bacteria. The drug resistance rates of the gram-positive bacteria to teicoplanin and acetazolamide were low; the drug resistance rates of the gram-negative bacteria to amikacin and imipenem were low. The risk factors for the nosocomial infections included the age, length of hospitalization, status of surgery, use of ventilator, and use of catheter. CONCLUSION It is necessary for the hospital to control the infections in accordance with the risk factors, submit the specimens for culture and isolation of pathogens in a timely manner, and perform the drug susceptibility testing so as to reasonably use antibiotics.

关 键 词：消化内科 感染 病原菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]