区域发展过程中土地利用转型及其生态环境响应研究——以江苏省为例  

Land Use Transformation and Its Eco-environmental Response in Process of the Regional Development:A Case Study of Jiangsu Province

作　　者：吕立刚[1] 周生路[1] 周兵兵[1] 戴靓[1] 昌亭[1] 鲍桂叶[2] 周华[1] 李志[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,江苏南京210046 [2]江苏省土地勘测规划院,江苏南京210024

出　　处：《地理科学》2013年第12期1442-1449,共8页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国土资源部公益性行业科研专项项目(201211050)资助

摘　　要：以江苏省为例，利用1985年、1995年、2005年和2008年4期遥感影像解译获取的土地利用变化数据，按照“生产-生态-生活”土地利用主导功能分类，通过土地利用转移矩阵、重心转移、区域生态环境质量指数、上地利用变化类型生态贡献率等方法，定量研究江苏省土地利用功能结构转型、卒问转型特征及其生态环境响应规律。研究表明：①1985～2008年，汀苏省土地利用主导功能结构变化主要表现为生产州地面积的减少，生态朋地、生活用地面积的增加。主要的转化类型为农业生产用地转化为农村生活刷地、城镇生活用地，牧单牛态用地转化为农业生产用地。②1985～2008年，农业生产用地、生态用地、农村生活用地窄问分布的不均衡性进一步加剧，工矿生产用地空间分布的不均衡性有所缓和，城镇生活用地卒问分布经厂力了先加剧后有所缓和的阶段。③1985～2008年，江苏省的生态环境质量稍有下降，其中农业生产用地被农村和城镇生活用地大量占用是生态环境质量退化的主导因素，农业生产用地转化成水域，七态刖地是区域生态环境改善的主要因素。According to land use classification based on leading function of production, ecology and living, we took Jiangsu Province as a case study and made use of land use change/cover data in 1985, 1995, 2005 and 2008 respectively by remote sensing interpretation obtained from Landsat TM and ETM＋. And then we quanti- tatively analyzed the characteristics of land functional structural and spatial transformation as well as its eco-environmental impacts. The methods discussed in the article include land use transfer matrix, gravity cen- ter model, index of regional eco-environmental quality and ecological contribution ratio of different kinds of land changes. The results show： 1） Land use changes in Jiangsu Province is chiefly manifested as the area de- crease of productive land and increase of ecological and living land. Main types of transformation are the con- version from agricultural productive land into rural and urban living land, and that from water and pasture eco- logical land into agricultural productive land. 2） From 1985 to 2008, the imbalance of agricultural productive land, ecological land and the distribution of rural living space are further sharpened while that of mining pro- ductive land is weakened. And the imbalance of spatial distribution of urban living land is intensified at the be- ginning while then slow down. 3） From 1985 to 2008, the eco-environment quality of Jiangsu Province de- clines slightly. The critical factor of eco-environmental degradation is the large occupation of agricultural pro- ductive land by rural and urban living land and that of eco-environmental improvement is the conversion from agricultural productive land into water.

关 键 词：土地利用转型 主导功能 生态环境质量 区域发展 江苏省 

分 类 号：S158.1[农业科学—土壤学]