母婴依恋关系对幼儿认知和行为发展的影响  

Study of the influence of infant-mother attachment on the development of cognition and behavior in toddler age

作　　者：丁艳华[1] 徐秀[1] 王争艳[2] 李慧蓉[1] 王卫平[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属儿科医院儿童保健科,上海200032 [2]首都师范大学教科院心理学系,北京100037

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2013年第12期1243-1245,共3页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(81102137)

摘　　要：目的探讨母一婴依恋关系对幼儿认知和行为发展的影响作用。方法对160例12～18个月婴儿采用“陌生情境法”进行母一婴依恋类型的测评，并在幼儿期进行随访：采用贝莉婴幼儿发育量表一第二版测评幼儿的认知发育水平；采用Achenbach儿童行为问卷（2～3岁）调查幼儿的行为问题。结果完成随访的幼儿共计118例，其中：安全型依恋的婴儿在幼儿期的MDI（智力发育指数）水平为102．9土12．6；不安全型为97．5±14．8，差异有统计学意义（t=3．322，P〈0．05）。不安全依恋类型中，回避型的MDI水平为99．7±16．5，与安全型比较，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；反抗型的MDI水平为95．1士13．9，明显低于安全型，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；但回避型和反抗型之间的MDI水平，差异无统计学意义（P〉O．05）。此外，安全型依恋婴儿在幼儿期的行为问题检出率为9．0％，不安全型为22．50，差异有统计学意义（x2=4．127，P〈0．05）。结论安全的母婴依恋关系为儿童的认知和行为发展提供了一种更好的可能性；不安全的母婴依恋关系可能导致幼儿期的认知损害和更多的行为问题。Objective To explore the influence of infantmother attachment on the development of cognition and behav ior in toddler age. Methods The subjects included 118 toddlers, whose infantmother attachment were already assessed with Ainsworth＇s Strange Situation Strategy. The 118 toddlers were assessed for their cognition development with Bayley Scales of Infant DevelopmentII,as well as their behavior problems with Achenbach＇s Child Behavior Checklist. Results In toddler age, the mean mental development index （ME）I） was 102.9i 12.6 for the securely attached infants, while it was 97.5 ：t： 14.8 for the insecurely attached infants. This difference was statistically significant （t = 3. 322, P〈 0.05） ; 9.0 % of the securely attached infants was detected to have behavior problems,while 22.5 % of the insecurely attached infants was detec ted to have behavior problems. This difference was also statistically significant（xz =4. 127,P〈0.05）. Conclusion Secure infantmother attachment is related to better cognitive development and less behavior problems in toddler age.

关 键 词：母-婴依恋 安全型 不安全型 幼儿期 认知发展 行为问题 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]