球床反应堆燃料元件提升过程气动力建模与分析  

Pneumatic forces on fuel elements during lifting in a pebble bed reactor

作　　者：沈鹏[1] 刘洪冰[1] 都东[1] 张海泉[2] 王鑫[2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学机械工程系,北京100084 [2]清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第10期1407-1411,共5页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家科技重大专项资助项目(ZX06901)

摘　　要：球床高温气冷堆实现了核燃料堆芯内外的循环输送,燃料元件气力提升过程是其关键环节。精确地分析和计算燃料元件受到的气动力是流体动力源选型和相应气力提升系统设计及结构优化的基础。该文提出并建立燃料元件气动力数学模型,依据此模型指出基于等压面假设得到的燃料球牵引系数公式的局限性,并计算出燃料球牵引系数的精确表达式,为流体动力源的选型提供依据;同时计算出燃料球侧向力系数和转矩系数的表达式。结果表明:侧向力指向输送管道轴线,转矩阻碍燃料球转速的增大,二者起到稳定提升过程、减小燃料球碰撞与损伤的作用。利用压缩空气系统进行实验,实验结果与气动力模型计算结果相符合。基于数学模型的燃料元件气动力学分析为氦气氛围下核反应堆提升系统的设计及优化提供了理论基础。The fuel cycle for the pebble-bed modular high-temperature gas-cooled reactor takes place both inside and outside the core, with the pneumatic lifting of the fuel elements a key link in the process. Accurate analyses of pneumatic forces on the fuel element provide the basis for gas source selection as well as the design and optimization of the lifting system. A more accurate mathematical model of the pneumatic force is developed to show the limitations of the drag force formula based on the isobaric surface assumption so that the drag force can be accurately calculated to design the blower. The lateral force which points towards the pipe axis and the torsion which reduces the fuel element rotation are shown to both stabilize the lifting process to reduce the fuel element abrasion. Tests with a compressed air system are consistent with the analytical results.This analysis of the pneumatic force provides the foundation for the design and structural optimization of the fuel element lifting system in pebble bed reactors using a helium atmosphere.

关 键 词：球床反应堆 燃料元件气力提升 气动力模型 计算流体力学(CFD) 

分 类 号：TL334[核科学技术—核技术及应用]