非编码RNA在喉癌发生中的作用及其临床意义  

Roles of Non-coding RNAs in the Occurrence of Laryngeal Carcinoma and Their Clinical Signifi cances

作　　者：李群[1] 陆达锴 崔翔[1] 夏天[1] 沈志森[2] 郭俊明[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学医学院生物化学与分子生物学研究所,浙江省病理生理学技术研究重点实验室,宁波315211 [2]宁波大学医学院附属李惠利医院耳鼻喉科,宁波315040

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2013年第12期1797-1805,共9页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(批准号:2012ZDA042);宁波市自然科学基金(批准号:2012A610208;2012A601217);宁波市科技创新团队项目(批准号:2011B82014;2012B82019);宁波市重大择优委托项目(批准号:2012C5015)资助的课题~~

摘　　要：喉癌是头颈部最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,喉癌患者吞咽、呼吸及发音功能均可受到严重影响,患者经受"有苦难言"的折磨,生活质量极差。因此,揭示喉癌发病的分子机制,以期提高喉癌早期诊断水平和防治效果一直是该研究领域的热点之一。近年来,随着基因测序技术、转录组学技术和生物信息学技术等分子生物学技术的应用,越来越多的与喉癌发生相关的非编码RNA先后被发现。实验证明,一些短链非编码RNA(如:上调的miR-16、miR-21、miR-106b和miR-1297,下调的let-7a、miR-1、miR-24、miR-34a/c、miR-137、miR-203和miR-206)以及长链非编码RNA(如:H19、HOTAIR和MALAT-1)均被发现参与了喉癌的发生、发展过程,它们发挥着促癌或者抑癌作用,影响细胞的增殖、浸润、转移和凋亡。这些非编码RNA将有可能为喉癌诊断和治疗分别提供新的标志物和治疗靶点。Laryngeal carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies in human head-and-neck region Patients with laryngeal carcinoma usually have serious troubles in swallowing, respiration and pronunciation. They suffer from pain of ＂hard to express＂. As a result, patients＇ life quality is deteriorating sharply. To improve early diagnostic, treatment and prevention of laryngeal carcinoma, characterizing its molecular mechanisms has been of major interest. With recent technical developments in next-generation sequencing, transcriptomics, bioinformatics etc., several non-coding RNAs （ncRNAs） associated with laryngeal carcinoma have been identified. Short ncRNAs, miR-16, miR-21, miR-106b and miR-1297 are up-regulated in laryngeal carcinoma; While let-7a, miR-1, miR-24, miR-34a/c, miR-137, miR-203 and miR-206 down-regulated. Long ncRNAs, H19, HOTAIR and MALAT-1 also express aberrantly in laryngeal carcinoma. Acting as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, those ncRNAs affect cells＇proliferation, invasion, metastasis and apoptosis. Therefore, ncRNAs play important roles in the occurrence, development and progress of laryngeal carcinoma. Potentially, related ncRNAs may be used as novel biomarkers in diagnosis or drug targets for anti-cancer therapeutics.

关 键 词：非编码RNA 喉癌 基因表达 发生机制 

分 类 号：R739.65[医药卫生—肿瘤]