乳化剂及助乳化剂提高生物油/柴油乳化性能  

Improving emulsifying performance of bio-oil/diesel by emulsion and co-emulsifier

作　　者：谭文英[1,2] 许勇[1,2] 王述洋[2] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学材料科学与工程学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]东北林业大学生物质能技术工程中心,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2013年第24期235-243,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家863高科技发展计划课题(2007AA05Z414)

摘　　要：为了研究乳化剂和助乳化剂对生物油/柴油乳化性能的影响，利用非离子复配表面活性剂，宏观上以乳化油的稳定性和吸光度比值K为观测对象，微观上以乳化油滴的平均粒径和粒径分布为观测对象，着重研究了乳化剂种类、亲水亲油平衡值 HLB 值、乳化剂用量、助乳化剂种类、助乳化剂含量等对生物油/柴油乳化油稳定性的影响。试验结果表明：用失水山梨醇单油酸酯和聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇单油酸酯作为混合乳化剂试验效果最好，乳化油的稳定时间最长，达到17 d，吸光度比值K最小，为1.11，稳定性最好。HLB值的最佳范围为5.0～5.8。乳化油生产中，较合适的乳化剂加入量为5%。使用正辛醇和甲醇做助乳化剂可提高乳化油的稳定性，考虑到助乳化剂成本因素，使用甲醇做助乳化剂更适宜。助乳化剂甲醇含量为20%时乳化油稳定性最佳。随着时间推移，乳化油会经历分层、絮凝、聚结与破乳过程。该文可为生物燃油的产业化开发和应用提供参考。Bio-oil is easy to extract,transport and storage. It is a kind of potential clean and renewable energy and can be used as fuel in oil burning boiler and turbine engine directly. Furthermore, Bio-oil can be blended with gasoline, diesel in certain percentage through using advanced emulsion process to produce clean, environment-friendly bio-oil/disel mixed emulsification fuel. It not only improves the calorific value of fuel and the combustion performance, the emulsified oil also can be directly applied to ordinary diesel engine with or without modification. Bio-oil is a mixture with high percentage of water and acid, the stability of the emulsion products is an important factor for its large-scale application. Meanwhile, the choice of emulsifier and auxiliary emulsifier is important for the stability of bio-oil. In this paper, the impact of emulsifier types, HLB value, dosage of emulsifier, types of auxiliary emulsifier and dosage of auxiliary emulsifier on the stability of the emulsified bio-oil/diesel oil were studied using non-ionic compound surfactants. The stability of the emulsified oil and absorbance ratio K was used as observation object at the macroscopic level. the average particle size of emulsified oil and the distribution of emulsified oil droplets were used as observation objects at the micro level. The experimental results showed that the stabilization time of the emulsified oil reached up to 17 days using Tween80 and Span80 as mixed emulsifier when B-oil content was blended with 5%, 90% of diesel fuel, and 5% of emulsifier. The absorbance ratio K was 1.11, which means the stability is best with the particle size of 1.56 um in the microscopic observation. The best HLB value range was 5.0-5.8, the peak curve is higher on the particle size distribution, and there was more number of small oil droplets. The highest peak and the most number of droplets were reached when the HLB value was set as 5.4. As the HLB value increase, the oil droplets number was reduced and the particle size become bigger. Within

关 键 词：柴油 乳化 稳定性 生物油 乳化剂 助乳化剂 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]