迈向场域视角的反思性科学社会学——对布迪厄科学社会学思想的考察  

Toward the Reflexive Scientific Sociology on the Field Standpoint——A Study on the Scientific Sociological Thought of Bourdieu

作　　者：王树生[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学人文学院社会学系,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2013年第12期21-27,共7页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"构型社会学的理论研究及启示"(12BSH002);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(HIT.HSS.201112)

摘　　要：在梳理科学社会学理论传统的基础上,布迪厄将科学场域的客观结构及运行法则、科学活动者的惯习与实践,呈现在反思视野下。"纯"科学资本与制度化资本、科学权威与世俗权力的差异促生了科学场域中自律与他律的张力。为抵抗他律性入侵,必须坚守科学场域的入场费标准,将场域的运作规则公开化与形式化,知识分子群体必须摆脱行会主义及自我优越感,利用自己的科学权威对社会现实发挥影响。自觉的反思态度与批判意识使布迪厄倾向于质疑科学活动得以施行的规范性前提,将其转化为场域、资本与惯习的产物,在深层逻辑上隐含着相对主义的潜在倾向。布迪厄的反思性事业是其社会出身、人生经历、学术历程的产物,是借助其掌握的资本与权力而从事的科学实践,必须被纳入社会学的反思。With the Review to theoretical tradition of scientific sociology, Bourdieu puts the objective structure and running rules of scientific field, the habitus and practice of scientific actors, into the vision of reflexivity. The differences between pure scientific capital vs. institutional capital and scientific authority vs. secular power produce the tension between autonomy and heteronomy in scientific field. For the purpose of resisting to heterenomous invasion, the entrance fee standard and running rules of scientific field should be defended, declared and formalized. Intellectuals should get rid of the guild orientation and the sense of self superiority then influence the social reality with their scientific authorities. The autopsychic reflective attitude and critical awareness make Bourdieu apt to question the normative presupposition of scientific activities and transform them into the production of field, capital and habitus then hide a relative potential inclination in the deep logic. Bourdieu＇s reflective enterprise is the production of his social origin, life experience and academic course and the scientific practice using the capitals and powers he owned so the enterprise must be absorbed into the sociological reflexivity.

关 键 词：布迪厄 科学社会学 反思 场域 自律性 

分 类 号：C91-0[经济管理]