干旱胁迫对不同马铃薯品种苗期生理生化指标的影响  

Effects of Drought Stress on Physiological and Biochemical Indices of Different Potato Variety

作　　者：赵海超[1] 抗艳红[1] 龚学臣[1] 尹江[1] 田再民[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北北方学院农林科技学院,河北张家口075131

出　　处：《作物杂志》2013年第6期63-69,共7页Crops

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研项目(3-6);河北省科技支撑项目(07220216)

摘　　要：通过盆栽试验，研究干旱胁迫下不同马铃薯品种苗期生理生化指标的变化，分析品种间生理生化反应差异，以揭示马铃薯苗期抗旱性机制。结果表明，7个马铃薯品种苗期轻度（相对含水量50％～60％）、重度（30％～40％）干旱胁迫与正常供水相比超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性分别增加了-13．67％-76．89％和-10．83％～120．09％；丙二醛（MDA）含量分别增加了-5．76％～19．05％和-10．28％-44．79％；脯氨酸含量分别增加了-21．23％～547．70％和140．00％～1187．39％；根系活力分别增加了-63．91％～184．97％和-50．92％-126．26％。通过聚类分析可见，抗旱性强的品种随着干旱胁迫强度的增加SOD活性呈先升后降的趋势，MDA含量呈下降趋势，脯氨酸含量和根系活力呈上升趋势。生产上抗旱性较强的马铃薯品种（坝薯10号、冀张薯8号）SOD活性、脯氨酸含量、MDA含量和根系活力较高，随着干旱胁迫强度的增加变幅较小，表现出综合抗旱性的特征。抗旱性弱的品种在渗透调节物质、保护酶系统和根系活力方面表现出不同的抗旱特征。A pot experiment was adopted to study the seedling physiological and biochemical changes of different potato cultivars under drought stress. , and analysis the differences of physiological and biochemical reactions be- tween varieties, in order to reveal the mechanism of drought resistance of potato. Experimental results indicated that compared to the normal water supply, the SOD activities of 7 potato cultivars under mild （ relative water content 50% -60%） and severe （30% -40%） drought stress increased by -13.67% ~76.89% and -10.83% - 120.09% ,respectively;MDA content increased by -5.76% - 19.05% and - 10.28% ~ 44.79%, respectively; Proline content increased by - 21.23% ~ 547.70% and 140.00% - 1187.39%, respectively; Root activity in- creased by -63.91% - 184.97% and -50.92% - 126.26%, respectively. Cluster analysis show that the SOD activities in drought-resistant varieties increased firstly and then decreased along with drought stress, and MDA content exhibited the decreasing trend, and proline content and root activity exhibited the increasing trend. The SOD activities, proline content, MDA content and root activity were relatively high in the potato varieties with high drought resistance. And With the increase in the intensity of drought stress, the amplitude is small, and all exhibited compre- hensive drought resisting characteristic. Weak drought resistance varieties showed different drought resisting characteristics in the aspects of osmotic adjustment, protective enzyme system and root activity.

关 键 词：干旱胁迫 马铃薯 SOD活性 MDA 脯氨酸 根系活力 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]