隧道衬砌穿越断层的地震动力模型试验研究  

Experimental Research on Seismic Dynamic Model of Tunnel Lining Passing through Fault

作　　者：周佳媚[1] 严启[1] 蒙国往[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学交通隧道工程教育部重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2013年第12期114-119,共6页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51078319;51178398)

摘　　要：通过大型振动台对隧道-围岩模型箱施加卧龙波波形的地震荷载,研究隧道衬砌穿越断层破碎带的动力响应特性。试验结果表明,在地震荷载作用下,穿越断层破碎带的隧道衬砌对地震荷载的响应存在一定的时间延迟,试验结果为0.085 s。围岩和模型箱对地震加速度有一定的放大作用,表现为在沿垂直振动台台面方向上,距离振动台台面越远,地震荷载的放大越明显。隧道衬砌在受到水平方向的地震荷载作用时,由于断层破碎带岩土体能够提供的抗力较低,致使断层两侧的围岩产生相对运动、碰撞、挤压等,从而导致衬砌出现斜向裂缝。试验结果与汶川地震的震后调查结论相一致。针对振动台模型试验方案中存在的一些问题如边界效应、模型箱刚度等提出了改进意见。The seismic behaviors of tunnel lining passing through fault are studied by means of test of tunnel- surrounding rock model box on large-scale shaking table under the load of Wolong-seismic wave. The test result shows that （1） under the seismic force load, the subject tunnel lining has a delay of responding the seismic force when it crosses the fault geological belt, and the delay time is 0. 085 s; （2） surrounding rock and model box amplified takle acceleration, the amplification represents more obviously where the observing point is farther from shaking table plane along the vertical direction, the far ther the distance from shaking table is, the more obvious the amplification is; （3） when the horizontal seismic load acts on tunnel lining, oblique cracks appear, because the resistance provided by the fault belt is smaller than that of normal surrounding rock, so the surrounding rock on both sides of belt moved closer, then collided and crimped, etc. The test result is in accordance with the investigation conclusions of Wenchuan Earthquake. The paper also gives some suggestions on improving boundary effect, model box stiffness, etc. The improvement suggestion for some problems in the experiment such as boundary effect, model box stiffness, etc. existing in the scheme of shaking table model test are given.

关 键 词：隧道工程 隧道衬砌 模型试验 振动台 地震 断层 

分 类 号：U451.5[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]