机构地区:[1]北京市西城区德胜社区卫生服务中心,100120 [2]首都医科大学全科医学与继续教育学院
出 处:《中国全科医学》2013年第33期3982-3986,共5页Chinese General Practice
基 金:首都医学发展基金项目(2009-3197)
摘 要:目的了解北京德胜功能社区18~60岁在职人群社区卫生服务需求和就医行为及影响因素,为制定有针对性的功能社区健康管理及慢性病干预计划提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,以2009—2012年北京市西城区德胜功能社区18~60岁6种类型的单位(机关事业单位、国企、私企、科研院所、中小学校、宾馆饭店等服务行业)的990名在职人群为调查对象,采用问卷调查的形式进行。主要调查内容为:(1)慢性病患病情况和健康危险因素,计算慢性病患病率、2周患病率和就诊率;(2)社区卫生服务需求、健康知识来源、就诊时首选医疗机构、选择德胜社区卫生服务中心参加慢性病管理的原因及社区卫生服务利用情况。结果德胜功能社区18~60岁在职人群社区卫生服务主观需求主要为:基本医疗服务(54.3%,528/973)、健康体检(51.4%,500/973)和健康咨询(47.1%,458/973);慢性病主要为高血压(9.2%,91/990)、血脂异常(6.9%,68/990)和骨质疏松(3.4%,34/990);健康危险因素主要为心理压力大(78.9%,781/990)、缺少运动(75.2%,744/990)和每天静坐4~8 h以上(65.8%,651/990);2周患病率为26.6%(263/990),其中教师的2周患病率高达41.9%(80/191),而影响2周患病率的因素为单位类型(即中小学校,OR=2.089,P=0.004)和是否患有慢性病(OR=2.391,P=0.000)。71.4%(690/967)、52.1%(504/967)、34.9%(337/967)的人分别通过电视、报刊书籍和医生获取健康养生知识。2周内共有172人(17.4%)因不适就诊,首诊选择市三级医院者占46.5%(80/172),选择德胜社区卫生服务中心者占11.6%(20/172)。共55人选择到社区卫生服务机构就诊,社区卫生服务利用率为32.0%;其影响因素为是否患有慢性病(OR=2.564,P=0.025);对于不到德胜社区卫生服务中心就诊的原因主要有白天没时间(37.9%,356/939)、认为大医院好(22.6%,212/939)、不知道设有社区卫生服务中心(21.8%,205/939)、不知道社区卫生机构功能(19.6%,Objective To investigate the condition of occupational population's demands, utilizations and influencing factors of community health service in Desheng Community of Beijing in order to provide scientific evidence for further interven- tion. Methods 990 people aged from 18 to 60 from six kinds of working places ( including government, state - owned company, private- owned company, research institute, school, and hotel) in Desheng community of Beijing from 2009 to 2012 were sur- veyed with questionnaires by using stratified cluster sampling. The survey contents were: ( 1 ) Prevalence of chronic disease and risk factors of health ; Calculation of the prevalence of chronic disease, two - week prevalence rate and treatment rate ; (2) De- mands of community service, source of knowledge on health, first - choice hospitals, reason for choosing Desheng Community Service Center and participating chronic disease management and utilization of community health service. Results The respond- ents' main subjective demands of community health service were basic medical care (54.3%, 528/973 ), check - up (51.4%, 500/973 ) and health consulting (47. 1%, 458/973 ) . The main chronic diseases were hypertension (9.2%, 91/ 990), dyslipidemia (6. 9%, 68/990) and osteoporosis (3.4%, 34/990) . Health risk factor included psyeholo^cal pressure (78.9% , 781/990) , lack of exercise (75.2% , 744/990) and more than 4 - 8 hours sedentary times every day (65.8% , 651/990) . Two -week morbidity rate of the respondents and the teachers was 26. 6% (263/990) and 41.9% (80/191) re- spectively. The influencing factors of two - week morbidity rate were occupation ( OR = 2. 089, P = 0. 004) and condition of chro- nic disease (OR =2. 391, P =0. 000) . 71.4% (690/967), 52. 1% (504/967) and 34. 9% (337/967) of the respondents acquired health knowledge from TV, newspaper and doctors respectively. 172 ( 17.4% ) respondents felt sick and went to the health institutions in t
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