面向减灾应用的光学成像静止卫星能力分析  

Capacity Analysis of Optical Geostationary Satellite for Disaster Reduction

作　　者：吴玮[1,2] 秦其明[1] 杨思全 范一大 陈正超[3] 张文娟[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871 [2]民政部国家减灾中心减灾和应急工程民政部重点实验室,北京100124 [3]中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《遥感技术与应用》2013年第6期984-993,共10页Remote Sensing Technology and Application

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAK19B04;2012BAH29B03;2008BAK49B01;2008BAK49B07);国家自然科学基金项目(41101516)

摘　　要：静止卫星凭借其宽覆盖、高时效、机动灵活的特点,在国家减灾救灾业务中有着独特的应用优势。在回顾国内外静止卫星发展的基础上,总结其光学成像传感器在灾害监测预警中的应用现状和存在的问题。基于静止卫星及其载荷现有研制基础,从灾害管理各阶段应用需求出发,分析光学成像静止卫星在减灾中的应用潜力。根据减灾救灾实际业务和应用需求,分别从卫星工作模式、观测频次以及光学图像的几何性能、光谱范围、辐射性能等5个方面提出对静止卫星的技术指标要求,为推动我国的防灾减灾光学成像静止卫星建设提供借鉴。With the characteristics of wide coverage, high observation frequency and flexibility, geostationary satellite has unique advantages in the national disaster reduction and relief. By detailed review on the devel- opment of optical geostationary satellite worldwide, the application status on geostationary satellite for dis- aster monitoring and early warning, as well as existing problems are discussed in this paper. From the per- spective of the practical demands on each phase of disaster management, the potential applications of optical imaging geostationary satellites for disaster reduction are analyzch based on the observation capacities of geostationary satellite and its payloads at present stage. Accounting to the operational implementation re- quirements for disaster mitigation and relief, the skills and technical capabilities of geostationary satellite are investigated in terms of working mode of satellite, temporal resolution, geometric properties, spectral range and radiation performance,which can support and benefit to the construction of our country＇s geosta- tionary satellites for the purpose of disaster prevention and mitigation.

关 键 词：静止卫星 减灾 光学遥感 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] V19[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]