MicroRNAs在消化道疾病中的作用研究进展  

Research advances of microRNAs in digestive tract diseases

作　　者：于兰[1] 杨云生[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京解放军总医院消化科,100853

出　　处：《解放军医学杂志》2013年第12期1026-1031,共6页Medical Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

摘　　要：MicroRNAs是一类广泛存在于动植物中的内源性非编码小RNA,通过与靶基因3'非翻译区(3'UTR)结合负向调控基因表达。生理条件下microRNAs参与生命过程中一系列重要进程,如发育、增殖、分化和凋亡等。近年来随着研究的不断深入,人们逐渐认识到microRNAs是重要的基因调控因子,在许多疾病的诊断、治疗及预后中发挥重要作用。microRNAs可通过与癌基因和抑癌基因相似的作用参与肿瘤的发生、发展和转归,现已发现多种microRNAs直接参与消化系统肿瘤的发生和发展。microRNAs的差异表达不仅与消化道肿瘤的发生、转移及预后有关,在一些消化道良性疾病如肠易激综合征及炎症性肠病等的发生发展中也起着重要作用。本文总结近年来microRNAs在消化道疾病中的作用研究进展,并探讨值得关注的研究方向。MicroRNAs are a class of non-protein coding, endogenous small RNAs in animals and plants. They regulate gene expression by binding to the 3＇UTR of mRNA. Under physiological conditions, microRNAs participate in a series of important life processes, including development, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. With constant study in depth on microRNAs, people gradually realize that microRNAs are important gene regulatory factors, and they play a crucial role in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of many diseases. In addition, microRNAs participate in the process of development, progression and outcome of tumors by role of oncogenes and cancer suppression genes. Furthermore, several microRNAs have been found to directly participate in the development and progression of tumors in the digestive system. The differential expression of microRNAs is not only associated with carcinogenesis, metastasis and prognosis of gastrointestinal neoplasms, but also plays a key role in pathogenesis of many benign diseases, such as irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease and so on. The progress in research of microRNAs in digestive tract diseases is reviewed and future research directions are explored in this article.

关 键 词：微RNAS 食管肿瘤 肠易激综合征 

分 类 号：R57[医药卫生—消化系统]