锥形束CT在颞下颌关节结构定量研究中的作用  

Using cone-beam computed tomography in quantitative studies on the structure of the temporomandibular joint

作　　者：姚君[1] 刘从华[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省口腔医院.南方医科大学附属口腔医院正畸科,广州510280

出　　处：《国际口腔医学杂志》2014年第1期52-56,共5页International Journal of Stomatology

基　　金：广东省科技计划基金(2011B080701055)

摘　　要：颞下颌关节(TMJ)位置深,结构复杂,锥形束CT(CBCT)可为研究其形态和功能提供丰富的信息。在三维图像和二维断层片上,患者头位的变动可能导致解剖标志点不在同一个切面上,但观察者仍可通过读片确定其标志点。CBCT可以从冠状位、矢状位和横断位来显示颞下颌关节结构,获得不同方位的关节间隙;可以对TMJ髁突的水平角、高度、半径、体积和表面积等进行测量,从而了解髁突的形态;可以最小的失真度提供颞下颌关节髁突骨组织的三维图像,有利于临床对TMJ髁突骨改变的分析;可以有效地测量关节窝顶的骨厚度以及TMJ结节的高度、关节结节斜度等。总之,CBCT可以明显提高临床对颞下颌关节疾病的诊断能力,切实地指导临床对其进行治疗。The temporomandibular joint（TMJ） is a complex articular system that is located deep between the mandible and the temporal bone. Cone-beam computed tomography（CBCT） provides abundant information on TMJ morphology. On three-dimensional images and two-dimensional slice images, changes in head position changes the position of anatomical landmarks on the same plane, but it can still be generally identified by astute clinicians. On coronal, sagittal, and transverse sections, CBCT displays the structure of TMJ to acquire joint spaces in all directions. The horizontal angle, height, radius, volume, and surface area of the condyle can also be measured to establish TMJ morphology, as well as articular eminence morphology（height, inclination, and thickness of fossa）. Moreover, minimum distortion of osseous tissue is useful for analyzing bone change. Therefore, CBCT improves the diagnostic ability of temporomandibular disorders and effectively guide clinical treatment.

关 键 词：锥形束CT 颞下颌关节 关节间隙 髁突 关节窝 关节结节 

分 类 号：R782.6[医药卫生—口腔医学]