108颗牙种植体修复一年后的临床及X线评价  

Clinical and radiographic evaluation of 108 dental implants after 1-year loading

作　　者：唐志辉[1] 沙月琴[1] 林野[2] 张刚[3] 王兴[2] 曹采方[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学口腔医学院牙周科,100081 [2]北京大学口腔医学院种植中心,100081 [3]北京大学口腔医学院放射科,100081

出　　处：《中华口腔医学杂志》2001年第1期17-19,共3页Chinese Journal of Stomatology

摘　　要：目的　评价牙种植体负重 1年后的临床疗效 ,并分析种植体周围粘膜炎症与骨吸收的关系。方法　对 70例种植义齿修复患者共 10 8颗负重 1年以上的IMZ和Frialit 2种植体进行临床及X线检查。结果　所有种植体均无松动及种植体周围X线透射影等种植失败症状 ,牙槽骨高度降低的均值为 (0 6 3± 0 78)mm ;粘膜有炎症的位点占所有检测位点的 32 9%。重度炎症位点的骨吸收值明显高于轻度炎症位点和健康位点 (P <0 0 5 )。大多数种植义齿修复患者的口腔卫生及牙周健康状况均较差。结论　IMZ和Frialit 2种植体负重 1年后的临床效果满意 ;种植体周围粘膜炎症是种植体骨吸收的主要原因之一 ;消除或控制粘膜炎症、改善口腔卫生和邻牙的牙周健康状况 ,是接受种植的患者迫切需要解决的问题。Objective To evaluate the clinical outcomes and a possible correlation between peri implant mucosal inflammation and marginal bone loss in a group of Chinese patients who received IMZ and Frialit 2 implants one year after restoration. Methods The clinical and radiography parameters of 108 IMZ and Frialit 2 dental implants in 70 patients were measured. Results There were no signs of mobility and peri implant radiolucencies in any of the implants. The average bone loss adjacent to implants was (0 63±0 78)mm. The prevalence of peri implant mucosal inflammation, as indicated by suclus bleeding index (SBI) of 1 0 or more, was 32 9%. Significant correlation was found between mucosal inflammation and bone loss. The severely inflamed sites experienced greater bone loss than that of healthy or slightly inflamed sites ( P< 0 05). In 92% of sites, plaque index (PLI) of more than 1 was measured on implant surfaces. The periodontal status of the remaining natural teeth in each subject was evaluated using the community periodontal index of treatment need (CPITN). Of the 70 examined patients, 15 patients needed oral hygiene instruction, 44 needed scaling and root planing, 8 patients needed periodontal surgical therapy, and only 3 did not need any periodontal treatment. Conclusions The 1 year outcomes from this patient series indicated that IMZ and Frialit 2 implant provide satisfactory clinical results. One of the etiologic factors of alveolar bone loss around implants seems to be plaque associated marginal inflammation. Improvement of oral hygiene, elimination of marginal tissue inflammation, and proper treatment of periodontal disease of natural teeth are needed for maintaining the implants in these observed subjects.

关 键 词：口腔粘膜病 牙槽骨质丢失 牙种植体 骨吸收 X线检查 

分 类 号：R782.2[医药卫生—口腔医学]