底栖饵料生物培养在克氏原螯虾养殖中的应用  

BENTHOS BAITS CULTIVATION AND PROCAMBARUS CLARKIIBREEDING

作　　者：张萍[1,2] 周鑫[2] 赵朝阳[2] 徐增洪[2] 任秀芳[1,2] 柏爱旭[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,江苏无锡214081

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2013年第4期49-52,共4页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：农业部淡水渔业与种质资源利用重点实验室公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目资助

摘　　要：底栖饵料生物具有分布广、繁殖周期短、生物量大、营养丰富、适口性和诱食性好的特点,是水产动物重要的天然饵料,目前已被广泛应用在水产动物的养殖上。在克氏原螯虾的食物组成中底栖饵料生物占有重要的地位,因此研究底栖饵料生物在克氏原螯虾养殖过程中的配方培养技术对提高养成规格、养殖产量和养殖效益具有十分重要的意义。底栖饵料生物的传统培养方法是将无机肥或有机肥作为培养基,对水域生态和底质存在着严重的污染问题,因此底栖饵料生物培养基的配制方法和相关的生产工艺研究已受到了普遍的关注。底栖饵料生物除了作为克氏原螯虾重要的底栖饵料之外,还具有改良池塘底质、水质、促进克氏原螯虾生长和提高商品虾品质的作用。本文论述了底栖饵料生物的生物学特征、在虾类养殖中的作用以及底栖饵料生物培养方面取得的主要进展及存在的问题,同时提出了改进底栖饵料生物培养方法的建议。The benthos baits are important natural baits, which have characteristics of wide distribution, short reproduction cycle, big biomass, rich nutrition, good palatability and induced trophic. By now, benthos baits have a wide range of applications in the aquaculture, The benthos baits play an im- portant role in the food composition of Procarnbarus clarkii. So research to the formula technology of benthos baits has vital significance to promote production and benefits of Procambarus clarkii. The tra- ditional methods of cultivating benthos baits are using inorganic fertilizer or organic fertilizer as culture medium. So there are serious pollution of water ecological and sediment. Therefore, preparation of the benthos baits medium and the related production technology were widespread concern. The benthos baits are not only baits of Procambarus clarkii, but can improve substrate and water quality. In addi- tion to the benthos baits can also promote the growth and quality of Procambarus clarkii. The charac- teristics and function of the benthos baits in the aquaculture, major progress and existing problems in the training of the benthic baits were discussed. At the same time, the method of training benthos baits was put forward.

关 键 词：天然饵料 底栖饵料生物 水蚯蚓 培养 克氏原螯虾 

分 类 号：S9[农业科学—水产科学]