角膜移植手术新进展  

The new progress in corneal transplantation

作　　者：史伟云[1] 李素霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省眼科研究所山东省眼科医院,济南250021

出　　处：《中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志》2013年第12期705-708,共4页Chinese Journal Of Optometry Ophthalmology And Visual Science

基　　金：基金项目：国家自然科学基金（81170815）;山东省自然科学基金（ZR2012HQ006）;泰山学者计划（ts20081148）

摘　　要：近10年来，角膜移植手术无论在手术理念、手术设备和器械方面都得到较大的发展。在过去的半个世纪．穿透性角膜移植一直处于治疗角膜盲患者的主导地位，近年来成分角膜移植得到迅速发展，已逐渐代替穿透性角膜移植，成为角膜移植的主流。板层角膜移植可以取代穿透性角膜移植治疗位于角膜深基质层以上的病变，角膜内皮移植则用于治疗发生于角膜内皮的病变。此外，飞秒激光技术的发展使其在角膜移植手术中得到较好的应用，可以替代传统的角膜环钻，辅助角膜移植手术开展。总之．角膜移植手术理念的改进和技术的进步，减少了角膜移植并发症，更加节省角膜供体，并能够获得更快的视力恢复和更好的视觉效果。Corneal transplantation has developed rapidly in surgery ideas and instruments in the past 10 years. Penetrating keratoplasty, which has been the dominant procedure for more than half a century, and successfully caters to most causes of corneal blindness, has been gradually replaced by component corneal transplantation. Lamellar transplantation surgery, which selectively replaces only diseased layers of the cornea, has been a fundamental change in recent years. Endothelial keratoplasty, which selectively replaces the corneal endothelium in patients with endothelial disease, has resulted in more rapid and predictable visual outcomes. What＇s more, femtosecond laser, which can replace the traditional corneal trephine, is also likely to play a part in corneal transplantation in the future. In short, the development of corneal transplantation ideas and technology can reduce complications, save donor cornea, and get faster visual recovery and better visual effects.

关 键 词：角膜移植 板层角膜移植 角膜内皮移植 飞秒激光 

分 类 号：R779.65[医药卫生—眼科]