细长抽油杆柱振动特性数值研究  

NUMERICAL SIMULATION STUDY ON VIBRATION PERFORMANCE OF SLENDER SUCKER ROD

作　　者：刘芳超[1] 王素玲[2] 徐广元[3] 刘明星[3] 

机构地区：[1]大庆油田第一采油厂 [2]东北石油大学机械科学与工程学院 [3]大庆油田第二采油厂

出　　处：《钻采工艺》2013年第6期82-85,7,共4页Drilling & Production Technology

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑项目"机采系统节能关键技术研究"(2011BAA02B01);黑龙江省青年骨干支撑项目(12519005)

摘　　要：抽油杆柱在悬点位移及油柱负荷激励下,发生周期性振动,如何合理的降低或利用杆柱振动,是抽油机节能降耗的研究热点之一。细长杆柱振动的响应机理研究是解决此问题的关键。根据振动力学理论及有限元理论,建立了抽油杆柱振动力学模型,采用数值方法进行求解,获得抽油杆柱在悬点位移激励及油柱负荷激励下的响应特性,分析了悬点振动波形的叠加规律,提出了降低悬点载荷及提高泵冲程的关键点。并以改变抽油机冲次为例,分析了抽油泵产生超冲程的规律,为合理利用抽油杆柱的振动,达到节能的目的提供了理论基础。Sucker rod will occur periodical vibration under the excitation of suspension point displacement and the oil column load.How to reasonably reduce or use the vibration of rod is one of the hot research of pumping unit energy saving.The key to solve this problem is the response mechanism research on slender rod vibration.Based on the mechanical vibration theory and finite element theory,a sucker rod mechanical model of longitudinal vibrations was established.The response characteristics of sucker rod under the excitation of suspension point displacement and load were obtained by using numerical methods,the laws of vibration waveform superimpose of point of suspension were analyzed,the key points of reducing rod load and increasing pump stroke were put forward.Taking change the pumping unit stroke as an example,the laws resulted in super stroke on oil well pump were analyzed.The research provided theoretical basis for rational use of sucker rod string vibration to achieve the purpose of energy saving.

关 键 词：细长杆柱 悬点位移激励 油柱负荷激励 特征值屈曲 非线性振动 超冲程 减振 

分 类 号：TE933.2[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]