颗粒直链藻水华生消对婆罗异剑水蚤(桡足类)种群动态的影响  

Effects of Aulacoseira granulate bloom process on population dynamics of Apocyclops borneoensis(copepod)

作　　者：马增岭[1,2] 高倩[3] 赵敏[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]温州大学生命与环境科学学院,温州325035 [2]浙江省水环境与海洋生物资源保护重点实验室,温州大学,温州325035 [3]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2014年第1期265-271,共7页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.31170338);国家973计划前期研究专项(No.2012CB426510);国家重点基础研究发展计划(No.2010CB428705);浙江省自然科学基金重点项目(No.LZ12C03001)~~

摘　　要：近年来,国内外学者对湖库型水华的发生机理和生态效应都做了大量研究,但有关水华生消对浮游动物群落结构影响的研究还很少.因此,本研究利用两个室外水泥池在中等尺度上考察了颗粒直链藻水华生消过程对婆罗异剑水蚤(桡足类)种群动态的影响,以及后者摄食对水华生消的下行调控作用.结果发现,颗粒直链藻水华发展迅速,仅5 d时间叶绿素浓度就从(21.24±0.75)μg·L-1上升到(240.34±11.00)μg·L-1;随后水华进入快速消退期,3 d后叶绿素a浓度下降到(53.63±0.47)μg·L-1.婆罗异剑水蚤的摄食压力对颗粒直链藻水华具有明显的抑制作用,水华生消期间含有婆罗异剑水蚤的藻液叶绿素a浓度比对照组低20μg·L-1左右,最大差异为26.08μg·L-1.期间婆罗异剑水蚤的丰度也由接入时的(56.50±4.32)ind·L-1增加到(142.11±6.35)ind·L-1,增加了1.5倍.该研究结果表明,在无鱼类摄食压力情况下,颗粒直链水华的爆发和消亡对婆罗异剑水蚤的生长和繁殖没有负面影响,反而促进了其种群数量的增加,这可能是由于水华期间为其提供了充足的饵料供应.A lot of studies were conducted to reveal the mechanisms of algal blooms occurrence and its ecological effects in lakes and reservoirs. However, the effects of algal bloom process on zooplankton community structure were rarely investigated. In this study, the influences of Aulacoseira granulate bloom on dynamics of Apocyclops borneoensis （copepod） population and the effects （top-down control） of the latter＇s grazing on developments of the algal bloom were evaluated with mesoscale water column in two concrete ponds. It was found that the bloom of A. granulate formed and disappeared quickly： the chlorophyll a concentration increased from （21.24±0.75） μg·L^-1 to （240.34±11.00） μg·L^-1 within 5 days, and decreased rapidly and reached （53.63±0.47） μg·L^-1 in 3 days. On the other hand, the existence of A. borneoensis suppressed the appearance of A. granulate blooms： the chlorophyll a concentration of cultures with zooplankton was about 20 μg·L^-1 lower than the zooplankton free ones, with the biggest difference of 26.08 μg·L^-1 between them. Furthermore, the abundance of A. borneoensis increased from （56.50±4.32） ind·L^-1 to （142.11±6.35） ind·L^-1 during the process of A. granulate bloom. These results indicated that the process of A. granulate bloom had no negative impacts on growth and reproduction of A. borneoensis individuals. The amplification of A. borneoensis population can be ascribed to the adequate food supply during A. granulate bloom formation.

关 键 词：颗粒直链藻 婆罗异剑水蚤 水华 桡足类 浮游动物 

分 类 号：X131.2[环境科学与工程—环境科学]