硫酸铵和尿素对废物焚烧过程中多种途径生成氯苯类的抑制作用  

Inhibition of Chlorobenzene Formation via Various Routes During Waste Incineration by Ammonium Sulfate and Urea

作　　者：严密[1,2] 祁志福[2] 李晓东[2] 胡艳军[1] 陈彤[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学机械工程学院,能源与动力工程研究所,杭州310014 [2]浙江大学能源工程学系,能源清洁利用国家重点实验室,杭州310027

出　　处：《环境科学》2014年第1期380-384,共5页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2011CB201500);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2012AA062803)

摘　　要：氯苯类(CBz)是废弃物焚烧等过程中产生二英的前驱物,也被认为是实现二英在线检测的良好指示物,同时五氯苯(PeCBz)和六氯苯(HxCBz)也是持久性有机污染物(POPs).但氯苯在废物焚烧过程中的排放和控制尚没有受到足够重视,为此开展了模拟焚烧过程中硫酸铵和尿素对3种氯苯合成途径的抑制作用研究,包括飞灰合成,1,2-二氯代苯(1,2-DiCBz)转化高氯代苯等过程.结果表明,硫酸铵和尿素对氯苯的3种合成途径均有抑制作用,如1%尿素与废物混合焚烧对四氯苯、五氯苯和六氯苯的抑制效率分别达到了66.8%、57.4%和50.4%.比较硫酸铵和尿素对3种过程的抑制作用,认为尿素对氯苯具有更稳定的抑制能力.Chlorobenzene （CBz） is the precursor of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/polyehlorinated dibenzofurans （PCDD/Fs） generated in the processes of waste incineration, and it is regarded as a good indicator of PCDD/Fs for realizing PCDD/Fs online monitoring, moreover, pentachlorobenzene （PeCBz） and Hexachlorobenzene （HxCBz） belong to Persistent Organic Pollutants （POPs）. However, the emission control of CBz in waste incineration does not attract enough attention, so this study focused on the inhibition of the 3 CBz formation routes in waste combustion by ammonium sulfate and urea, including CB formation from fly ash, CB formation from 1,2-dichlorobenzene （1,2-DiCBz） and the combustion of model medical waste. The results showed that both ammonium sulfate and urea reduced CBz yield during these three thermal processes. For instance, the inhibition rates of tetrachlorobenzene （TeCBz） , PeCBz and HxCBz were 66. 8% , 57.4% and 50.4% , respectively, when 1% urea was co-combusted with medical waste. By comparing the effect of ammonium sulfate and urea on CBz formation by three routes, urea was considered as a comparatively stable inhibitor for CBz.

关 键 词：硫酸铵 尿素 氯苯类 抑制 废物焚烧 

分 类 号：X131[环境科学与工程—环境科学]