三种防腐剂对马铃薯薯块干腐病菌的毒力及抑制作用  

Virulence and inhibition activity of three kinds of preservatives against the pathogen of the potato tuber dry rot

作　　者：李梅[1] 田世龙[1] 程建新[1] 李守强[1] 葛霞[1] 张欣[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院农产品贮藏加工研究所,兰州730070 [2]甘肃兰州理工大学,兰州730070

出　　处：《植物保护》2013年第6期188-192,共5页Plant Protection

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-10);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003077)

摘　　要：马铃薯干腐病是目前马铃薯贮藏期间发生较严重的一种病害,已成为影响马铃薯贮藏保鲜的瓶颈问题之一。为筛选出施用简便、安全高效且能取代液体类毒性强的防腐剂,试验对二氧化氯、仲丁胺和过氧乙酸三种熏蒸型防腐剂进行了室内毒力测定和抑制效果评价。结果表明:该三种防腐剂对马铃薯干腐病具有不同的抑制活性,其中仲丁胺对马铃薯干腐病的抑菌效果最佳,其毒力回归式为y=3.608 7+7.500 8x,EC50为0.202 8μg/mL。通过3种防腐剂的体内效果试验,结果表明:在低温条件下,3种防腐剂处理均不同程度地降低了马铃薯块茎的发病率,其中以仲丁胺控制效果最佳,95μg/kg浓度处理可明显降低接种马铃薯薯块的发病率和病斑扩展速度。因此可以推断仲丁胺是防治马铃薯干腐病的理想药剂之一。Potato dry rot is currently a serious disease detrimental to potato quality in storage.It has become one of the major concerns to potato storage and preservation.To screen the safe and efficient preservative with simple application that can replace toxic liquid ones,the virulence and inhibition efficacy of chlorine dioxide,butylamine and peracetic acid against pathogen of the potato tuber dry rot were evaluated.Results showed that chlorine dioxide,butylamine and peracetic acid have different inhibitory activity,and the efficacy of butylamine is the best,with EC50 value of 0.2 μg/mL.In vivo tests demonstrated that the three preservatives could reduce the disease incidence to some extent,and butylamine at the concentration of 95 μg/kg could significantly reduce the incidence of potato tuber dry rot and lesion expansion rate.Thus,it is concluded that butylamine has the potential to be applied in potato dry rot control.

关 键 词：马铃薯干腐病 二氧化氯 仲丁胺 过氧乙酸 毒力 抑制效果 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学]