基于时变ARMA模型与支持向量机的结构损伤识别  

Structural Damage Identification Based on Time-varying ARMA Model and Support Vector Machine

作　　者：张效忠[1,2] 姚文娟[1] 田芳 

机构地区：[1]上海大学土木工程系,上海200072 [2]衢州学院建筑工程学院,浙江衢州324000

出　　处：《应用基础与工程科学学报》2013年第6期1094-1102,共9页Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(11072143);浙江省教育厅科研项目(Y201223039)

摘　　要：针对环境激励下结构健康检测信号存在非平稳性和损伤样本非常有限的问题,提出一种基于时变自回归滑动平均(Auto-Regressive Moving Average,ARMA)模型和支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)相结合的桁架结构损伤识别方法.应用该方法对结构进行损伤识别主要有4个步骤:首先应用数值仿真计算方法以及时变参数ARMA模型构建SVM的训练样本和测试样本;其次应用训练样本和测试样本在SVM中进行训练和测试建立结构损伤识别网络;再次采集环境激励下结构的振动信号,并应用小波分析技术对信号进行降噪处理;最后应用所建立的损伤识别网络对预处理后的信号进行计算分析,从而识别出结构的损伤位置和程度.应用该方法对工作状态下WS-PA矿井架进行损伤识别,识别结果验证了该方法识别环境激励下结构损伤的可行性.WS-PA矿井架损伤识别误差都在25%范围内证明所提出的损伤识别方法具有较高的识别精度.本方法为桁架结构的损伤识别提供了新的途径.Non-stationary and limited damage sample were two main problems for health detection signal of structure under ambient excitation. To solve the two problems, a method of structural damage identification was proposed based on the model of time-varying auto-regressive moving average （ARMA）and support vector machines （SVM）. There were four main steps to identify structural damages applying the method. Firstly, training sample and testing sample for SVM were established applying numerical simulation method and the time-varying ARMA model. Secondly,structural damage identification network was built with SVM using training sample and testing sample. Thirdly, the structural vibration signal under ambient excitation was collected and the noise of signal was reduced by wavelet analysis technology. Finally, the network was used to analyze the preprocessed signal in order to identify the location and extent of structural damages. The proposed method was used to identify the damages of WS-PA mine frame in working condition. The feasibility of the proposed method to identify structural damages under ambient excitation was verified. The average identification errors of the mine frame in the range of 25% proved that the damage identification method has higher recognition accuracy. The method provides a new way to identity the damage of truss structure.

关 键 词：时变ARMA模型 支持向量机 环境激励 结构损伤识别 

分 类 号：O327[理学—一般力学与力学基础] TU33[理学—力学]