4种植物性蛋白质饲料原料在不同日龄肉仔鸡的标准回肠氨基酸消化率的比较  

Comparison of Standardized Ileal Amino Acid Digestibility of Four Plant-Based Protein Feedstuffs for Broiler Chickens at Different Ages

作　　者：雷廷[1] 呙于明[1] 杜恩存 邵玉新[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2013年第12期2854-2864,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903006-01)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究豆粕、菜籽粕、玉米蛋白粉和玉米干酒糟及其可溶物(DDGS)4种植物性蛋白质饲料原料在不同日龄肉仔鸡的标准回肠氨基酸消化率。试验1选用540只1日龄科宝500肉仔鸡,随机分为5个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复18只鸡。4个处理分别饲喂豆粕型饲粮、菜籽粕型饲粮、玉米蛋白粉型饲粮及玉米DDGS型饲粮,另外1个处理饲喂无氮饲粮。试验饲粮为半纯合饲粮,以0.5%二氧化钛为指示剂,采用无氮饲粮法估测内源氨基酸损失,测定肉仔鸡在14日龄和35日龄的豆粕、菜籽粕、玉米蛋白粉和玉米DDGS的标准回肠氨基酸消化率。试验2选用360只1日龄罗斯308肉仔鸡,随机分为3个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复20只鸡。2个处理分别饲喂豆粕型饲粮、菜籽粕型饲粮,另外1个处理饲喂无氮饲粮。采用与试验1同样的方法测定肉仔鸡在14日龄和35日龄的豆粕、菜籽粕的标准回肠氨基酸消化率及空肠食糜酶活性和肠道指数。结果表明:2个品种的肉仔鸡对4种蛋白质饲料原料的绝大部分标准回肠氨基酸消化率在14日龄显著高于35日龄(P<0.05);罗斯308肉仔鸡在14日龄的小肠相对重量显著高于35日龄(P<0.05);罗斯308肉仔鸡在14日龄的空肠食糜胰蛋白酶和糜蛋白酶活性在数值上高于35日龄,但两者差异并不显著(P>0.05)。试验结果表明,肉仔鸡在14日龄时消化器官可能已经发育成熟,能够满足对蛋白质的消化;肉仔鸡在14日龄的肠道相对重量和空肠食糜酶活性高于35日龄可能是其标准回肠氨基酸消化率较高的主要原因之一。This experiment was conducted to study the standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of four plant-based protein feedstuffs for broiler chickens at different ages. In experiment 1, a total of 540 1-day-old Cobb 500 broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates each （ n = 18 ）. Four of those treatments were fed soybean meal diet, rapeseed meal diet, corn gluten meal diet, and corn distillers dried grains with sol- ubles （DDGS） diet, respectively, and another treatment was fed a N-free diet. All of the diets were semi-puri- fied and formulated with 0.5% titanium dioxide as an exogenous indicator. Endogenous amino acid losses were determined by N-free diet method, and the standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of soybean meal, rapeseed meal, corn gluten meal, and corn DDGS for broiler chickens at 14 and 35 days of age were deter- mined. In experiment 2, a total of 360 1-day-old Ross 308 broilers were randomly divided into 3 treatments with 6 replicates each （ n = 20）. Two of those treatments were fed soybean meal diet and rapeseed meal diet, respectively, and another treatment was fed the N-free diet. The same method was used to determine the stand- ardized ileal amino acid digestibility of soybean meal and rapeseed meal. The results showed that most of the standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of the four feedstuffs for the 2 breed broilers at 14 days of age were significantly higher than those at 35 days of age （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; the relative weight of small intestine of Ross 308 broilers at 14 days of age was significantly higher than that at 35 days of age （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; compared with 35 days of age, the higher activities of trypsin and chymotrypsin were numerically observed at 14 days of age, but the difference was not significant （ P 〉 0.05 ）. In conclusion, at 14 days of age, the digestive organs of broiler chickens may have been mature enough to utilize the proteins. The higher relative weight of small intestine and enzyme activity in jejunal digest

关 键 词：肉仔鸡 日龄 回肠 氨基酸 消化率 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]