幼儿龋齿充填中两种预防牙科畏惧症方法的比较  

Comparison of Two Methods for Preventing Dental Fear during Atraumatic Restorative Treatments in Children

作　　者：张波[1] 刘贤广 李业东[1] 王为民[1] 张维儒[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林油田总医院口腔科,吉林松原138000 [2]吉林油田总医院心胸乳腺外科,吉林松原138000

出　　处：《医学综述》2013年第24期4572-4574,共3页Medical Recapitulate

摘　　要：目的对一般干预法和母亲教育法在3~6岁幼儿龋齿充填治疗中预防牙科畏惧症（DF）的效果进行临床评价。方法将2010年1月至2012年12月在吉林油田总医院口腔科门诊就诊的150例3~6岁乳磨牙牙合面龋患儿随机分为三组,每组50例,男女各25例。一般干预组：提前30 min由医师陪同,讲解有关龋病防治的图片,熟悉就诊环境,熟悉治疗器械,回答患儿关于治疗相关问题的提问;母亲教育组：初诊时不进行治疗,而是由医师对母亲单独进行1 h的教育,再由母亲在家中对患儿进行1周的心理辅导,1周后复诊进行充填治疗;空白对照组：不做任何针对DF的干预。三组患儿均接受乳牙龋齿的非创伤性充填治疗。采用Veerkamp的DF评分标准,由3名医师盲法独立评分,取3名医师评分均值作为患者最终的DF值,对三组DF值及DF发生率进行比较。结果三组DF值的中位数,四分位间距分别为（2.0,0.3）,（1.7,1.0）,（3.0,0）,比较差异有统计学意义（H=90.114,P〈0.01）,DF值两两比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。三组DF的发生率分别为90%、64%和100%,差异有统计学意义（χ2=26.6,P〈0.01）,DF发生率两两比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论在学龄前幼儿龋齿的充填治疗中,一般干预法和母亲教育法均可预防DF,后者的效果更好。Objective To determine the clinical effects of preventing dental fear（ DF） by pre-operation-education or education of mother method during the process of atraumatic restorative treatment（ ART） in children of 3-6 years old. Methods From Jan. 2010 to Dec. 2012,150 Children who visited the dental clinic of Jilin Oilfield General Hospital aged 3-6 were included in the study. All of them suffered from occlusal caries on their deciduous molars. They were divided into 3 equal groups,each 50,25 boys and 25 girls. Group 1（ pre-operation-education） ： taking 30 minutes to show them science and educational pictures on caries,then,clinic environment,including machine and instruments,answering their questions; group 2（ mother education group） ： on the first visit the child＇s mother was educated alone for 1 h by a dentist,and then he/she was counseled by mother at home for one week, after that restorative treatment was given; group 3（ blank） ： without any DF interventions. After that,all subjects received same ART. DF of each case was evaluated by 3 evaluators blindly based on Veerkamp＇s clinical ratings of anxiety and cooperative degree. Average of the 3 evaluators grades was used as the final DF of the patients. DF value and DF rate of the three groups were compared. Results DF median and quartile of the there groups were（ 2. 0,0. 3）,（ 1. 7,1.0）,（ 3.0,0）,the difference was statistically significant（ H =90. 114,P 0. 01）,DF value pair comparison of the there groups were all statistically significantly different（ P 0. 01）,also in DF rate（ 90%, 64% and 100%,χ2= 26. 6,P 0. 01）. Conclusion During ART,both of education of mother and pre-operationeducation method are effective in DF prevention,while the former is better than the latter.

关 键 词：母亲教育 乳牙龋 非创伤性充填 牙科畏惧症 

分 类 号：R781[医药卫生—口腔医学]