精神的焦虑与回归——对索尔·贝娄小说《雨王汉德森》中多维欲望的阐释  

Anxiety and Spiritual Rebirth--The Interpretation of Multi-dimensional Desire in Saul Bellow＇s Henderson the Rain King

作　　者：田亚曼[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学之江学院外国语分院

出　　处：《世界文学评论（高教版）》2013年第3期111-116,共6页The World Literature Criticism

摘　　要：《雨王汉德森》是美国犹太作家索尔·贝娄在创作顶峰时期完成的一部力作，也是这位学者型作家最满意的一部作品。贯穿小说“我要，我要”隐喻了这是一部关于欲望的小说。本文借助乔治·巴塔耶的欲望理论分析隐含在显性欲望背后的隐性欲望，即动物性的欲望和人性的欲望满足之后的神圣欲望，指出人的欲望是多维的存在，不仅仅是表面上的求生欲望、占有欲望等，追求人生崇高价值的人还有一种隐秘的欲望层面，即有一种“丧失自己”的愿望，通过“消尽自己”服务和奉献他人，才能获得真正意义上的圆满人生。Henderson the Rain King is an enduringly popular work by Saul Bellow --a talented American Jewish writer. It is said to be Bellow＇s own favorite amongst his books. On symbolic level, this novel embodies desire since there is an unknown voice in Henderson that always says, ＂I want, I want＂ which occur at least eighteen times in the novel. Based on his search for pure, untrammeled nature and his quest to satisfy the needs of his spirit, Henderson learns that a man can, with effort, have a spiritual rebirth when he realizes that spirit, body and the outside world are not enemies but can live in harmony. The objective of this paper is to analyze the recessive desire hiding behind the explicit based on Georges Bataille＇s theory where the two form a complex dialectic such that desire is both lack and affirmation. His theory demonstrates how desire reveals the sacred as a transcendental immanence rather than psychic ideal and where the profane follows rather than precedes the sacred. As a result, the human dosire is in fact a kind of multi-dimensional existence. It lies not only on the layer of desire for survival and possessing but also on the secret desire layer to lose and consume oneself so as to achieve satisfactory by serving other people.

关 键 词：贝娄 《雨王汉德森》 乔治·巴塔耶 多维欲望 消尽 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]