镉对果蝇寿命及生殖力的影响及其可遗传性分析  

Effect of cadmium on the life span, reproductive capacity and the hereditability analysis of Drosophila melanogaster

作　　者：梁露[1] 毛雪[1] 管德龙[1] 张敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学生命科学学院,西安710062

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2013年第6期4-8,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2012JQ3012);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(GK201002042)

摘　　要：为探讨镉胁迫对果蝇寿命及生殖力的影响,以及这种影响是否具有可遗传性,应用生存试验及统计分析方法分析不同质量浓度（7.5 mg/L、15.0 mg/L、30.0 mg/L、60.0 mg/L）镉对经口染毒后黑腹果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster）Canton-S品系亲代（F0代）及其未经镉处理的子一代（F1代）寿命和生殖力的影响。结果表明,与对照组（未处理组）相比,经不同质量浓度镉处理后的F0雌、雄果蝇平均寿命、中间寿命和最高寿命均显著缩短,且呈现质量浓度依赖性,其中最大质量浓度组（60.0 mg/L）的果蝇寿命与对照组相比缩短了约80%,而未经镉处理的F1代也出现寿命缩短现象;亲代（F0代）镉处理组所产子代的羽化数量减少,且与对照组相比,高质量浓度组（15.0 mg/L、30.0mg/L、60.0 mg/L）果蝇的羽化数量减少30%~40%,差异显著且具有质量浓度依赖效应。研究表明,镉对果蝇具有一定的毒性效应,可使果蝇寿命缩短,并且这种影响可延续至F1代,同时会使果蝇生殖力减弱。In this study, we intended to address questions regarding the variations of the life span and fertility of the two generations of fruit flies under heavy metal stress and stressrelieved situations and whether these physiological variations are hereditary. For this pur pose, we have the flies （Drosophila melanogaster Canton S strain） exposed to different mass concentrations of cadmium （7.5 mg/L, 15.0 rag/L, 30.0 mg/L, 60.0 mg/L）, and then trace the variations of life span and reproductive capacity of the parental generation （F0） and the cadmiumunaffected first generation group （F1 ） . We incubat ed the parental flies which before eelosion and incubated within 8 h and mate with other adult flies cultured in different groups of medi ums, while the first generation were collected from the new hatched flies incubated in different mediums with discarded parents after the parental flies were incubated 10 d in the aforementioned mediums,The results of our experiments have shown that comparing the average life expectancy, the middle life expectancy and the highest life ex pectancy of F0 female and male flies with the control group （untreated group）, we have found that the life expectancy of the treated group has significantly been shortened （p 〈 0.05）. For the treat group with highest mass concentration （60.0 rag/L）, the life expectancy was approximately 80% shorten, while the cadmiumunaffected generation FI also appeared the shorten life expectancy. The parental generation （ F0） treated with cadmium produced less number of offspring, and as compared to the control group, the number of hatched fruit flies of the high concentration groups （15.0 mg/L, 30.0 mg/L, 60.0 rag/L） showed the significant reduction of approximately 30%-40% and the concentrationdependent effect, while there was no significant varia tion in the fecundity of generation F1 . These results indicate that the heavy metal cadmium is highly toxic on Drosophila melanogaster, which is able to shorten the life span of fruit

关 键 词：遗传学 镉 黑腹果蝇 寿命 生殖力 可遗传性 

分 类 号：Q355[生物学—遗传学]