十六烷基淀粉醚的合成与性质研究  

Synthesis and properties of hexadecyl starch ether

作　　者：尹沾合[1] 张友全[2] 谢新玲[2] 

机构地区：[1]广西工业职业技术学院石油与化学工程系,广西南宁530001 [2]广西大学化学化工学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《印染助剂》2013年第12期9-12,共4页Textile Auxiliaries

基　　金：广西自然科学青年基金(2011GXNSFB018018)

摘　　要：以木薯淀粉为原料,溴代十六烷为醚化剂,氢氧化钠为催化剂,在异丙醇介质中合成了具有高碳疏水基团的十六烷基淀粉醚.采用单因素试验考察了催化剂用量、醚化剂用量、反应温度及反应时间对产品取代度的影响,分别检测了产品在水和氯化钠溶液中的糊液粘度变化特征.结果表明,十六烷基淀粉醚的最佳合成条件为:淀粉15 g,溴代十六烷2.25 g,异丙醇60 mL,水2 mL,反应温度60℃,反应时间12 h,氢氧化钠0.75 g;随着取代度的增大,产品热糊液粘度和粘度稳定性逐步提高,明显高于原淀粉,当取代度为0.022 3时,产品热糊液粘度是原淀粉的3倍,粘度稳定性高达94.7%以上;淀粉中引入疏水性的十六烷基基团后,产品糊液具有良好的抗盐性能,取代度越大,抗盐性能越好.Abstract： Hexadecyl starch ether with high carbon hydrophobic groups was prepared using cassava starch as raw material, 1-bromohexadecane as ether agent, sodium hydroxide as catalyst, and isopropyl alco- hol as medium. The effects of catalyst and ether agent dosage, reactive temperature and time on substitution degree of product were investigated by single factor experiment, and the viscosity variation characteristic of product was detected in the aqueous and sodium chloride solution. The results showed that the optimal syn- thesis conditions were： starch 15 g, 1-bromohexadecane 2.25 g, isopropyl alcohol 60 mL, water 2 mL, reac- tion temperature 60 ℃, reaction time 12 h, sodium hydroxide 0.75 g. With the increase of substitution degree of product, the viscosity and viscosity stability of thermal paste increased and were significantly higher than that of raw starch; when the substitution degree was 0.022 3, the product viscosity was 3 times of raw starch and the viscosity stability was above 94.7%. The product paste salt tolerance could be improved by hydropho- bic hexadecyl, and the bigger the substitution degree, the better the salt tolerance.

关 键 词：木薯淀粉 十六烷基淀粉醚 抗盐性 

分 类 号：TQ316.6[化学工程—高聚物工业]